Endividamento no contexto pandêmico: uma análise do orçamento doméstico de famílias da comunidade acadêmica da UEMA Campus Codó

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic that started in 2020 affected the Brazilian reality in several spheres, from health, to social and economic ones. In addition to the health crisis caused by the disease, the impacts on the labor market, consumption and family income were profound, which triggered an economic crisis. In response to the harmful effects on the economy, the federal government launched a series of emergency measures to support the population, including direct cash transfers, the Emergency Aid. Given this scenario, the present work analyzed how the economic crisis triggered during the pandemic affected the household budget of families in the academic community of UEMA between the years 2020 to 2022. The research was quantitative in nature, and used the questionnaire as an instrument, applied in online form, for the collection of data from the families. The results found identified that there were several scenarios related to income, with considerable increases on the income of some groups and falls on some incomes, however the income in this period prevailed stagnant as identified in the study. Based on income, it also showed that families during the pandemic were classified into three socioeconomic profiles, the majority belonging to the lowest income classes, D and E, however, it found a minority belonged to the highest class in relation to the others, being the social class C. In addition, it showed that indebtedness in the family environment increased, reaching 41.07% of the families in the sample, due to the types of credit card, financing and payroll loans, in addition, 74.11% of the families benefited from the programs instituted during the pandemic with emergency aid as the main benefit received by participants 64.75% and a small portion with PEMER 5.36%.