“Agrovilas” quilombolas: o caso da reconstrução da autonomia produtiva e a resistência das mulheres em Marudá Novo

Abstract

This work aims to analyze the case of the reconstruction of productive autonomy and the resistance of women in Marudá Novo, in the municipality of Alcântara-MA. The study reflects on the implementation of the Rocket Launch Center in Alcântara in 1980 and the social implications caused to the quilombolas who lived in Marudá Velho and were relocated in the territory of Marudá Novo. In face of this, the central question of this investigation intends to unveil, in what way did the compulsory displacement imply in the productive autonomy of quilombola women from Marudá Novo? In an attempt to answer such a question, I will use dialectical materialism as a method for taking into account the social and historical changes that have occurred in society. For descriptive analysis of the reports, I used as auxiliary techniques direct observation, notes in the field diary of oral histories, photographic records, audio recordings, a survey of bibliographical, documentary references and statistical data provided by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Research has shown that, with the launching of the Launch Center and the relocation of quilombolas to Marudá Novo, the social, economic, cultural and political organization built historically was badly shaken. Women had to reinvent themselves and seek new strategies to develop their work activities in the fields, since they began to live in a region where a good part of the land was unsuitable for planting. In addition, the problems of access to natural resources directly impacted the productive autonomy of these women and led families to live with food insecurity. To overcome this situation, quilombolas reorganized themselves to claim and fight for their social and territorial rights through contemporary landslide.