Gerenciamento de obras na prática: uma abordagem prática sobre controle de prazos, custos e qualidade

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze, in practice, how medium-sized construction projects are managed, with an emphasis on controlling deadlines, costs, and quality. The research was conducted on a residential construction site located in Santa Inês, Maranhão, Brazil, involving a civil engineer, a supervisor, and a foreman. The methodology adopted followed a qualitative approach, combining direct observation on the construction site and the application of online questionnaires, structured around five central axes: service operationalization, execution monitoring, productivity, cost control, and quality control. The results showed that the daily organization of tasks, with distribution based on workforce specialization, significantly contributes to productivity and the reduction of rework. Constant supervision, advance purchasing, and the planning of independent activities were identified as effective strategies to maintain the progress of the work. In cost control, it was found that the use of applications, management systems, and Business Intelligence tools strengthens financial monitoring and decision-making. However, project changes, high-end materials, and client financial limitations still represent the main factors of budgetary imbalance. Regarding quality, it was observed that weekly audits, alignment inspections, and specialized technical monitoring are essential to ensure compliance with standards and projects. It is concluded that efficient construction management depends on the integration of professionals, the use of appropriate tools, and constant monitoring, allowing for greater control of the variables that influence construction performance and the final delivery of the project.