A importância da identificação dos Basidiomicetos para o equilíbrio ecológico da região da Mata dos Cocais localizado no entorno do município de Bom Lugar –MA

Abstract

Fungi are one of the main decomposers and responsible for the cycle of matter, and may highlight its great importance in pulp cycling, beingthe main component of the cell wall of vegetables. Among these fungi, the project under study focused on the Basidiomycota phylum, which is the only one that presents a fruiting body, with multicellular representatives, eukaryotes, organized in mycelia with thousands of hyphae, whose functions are diversified, where, in addition to their importance in the cycling of matter, extends to several others, such as: economic, biotechnological and medicinal. The Basidiomycota are also known as basidiomycetes and are fundamental to the balance of the ecosystem, contributing to the decomposition of organic matter, ensuring an abundant biomass and the return of nutrients to the soil; in addition, some mycelia have associations with plants, helping them to absorb nutrients, maintain carbon and nitrogen cycles, and degrade various pollutants. Currently being widely studied in this area as bioremediators. This work presents a survey of this phylum carried out in the regions of cocais, more precisely in the localities of the municipality of Bom Lugar - MA. In addition, a bibliographic survey was carried out related to morphology, habitat, in addition to photographic records of the species found, whose objective was to carry out the identification of the species found of basidiomycetes and describe their ecological role for the mycobiota of these fields of investigation, with collection of photographs of the species in loco. Thus, we obtained a total of 21 families, 24 genera and 33 species found. These data are extremely relevant, since there is, to date, no information on the biodiversity of this group of fungi in these locations.