Jogos e brincadeiras: uma abordagem sobre o desenvolvimento da criança na Educação Infantil

Abstract

This paper deals with games and play, an approach to child development in early childhood education at the Professora Maria Fernandes Freitas Municipal Daycare Center. It highlights the importance of playfulness in the school environment, as well as in pedagogical practices, in the educator's mediation when carrying out their activities in the classroom. It talks about recognizing playfulness as a tool of great relevance for the development of children in the process of learning, socialization, psychomotor, respecting rules and differences. It also sought to ascertain the knowledge of educators in relation to playfulness in the school environment. The educator as a mediator in the teaching-learning process needs to have a broad vision about working playfulness in their classes, when used correctly, the child has opportunities to develop according to what is in the BNCC. It also addresses the stages of child development, in which it is of utmost importance in the child's cognitive, personal and school process. Thus, the general objective of this study is to analyze games and play and their importance for the development of children in early childhood education, and the specific objectives are: to highlight the concept of play in early childhood education; to recognize the teacher as a facilitator and mediator of playful activities and games; to emphasize the importance of cooperation between the family and the school to improve the learning and development of children in early childhood education. As a theoretical contribution to support the research, authors such as Piaget (19720), Vygotsky (1999), Kishimoto (2011), Teixeira (2018), among other authors, were used. The methodological procedures used to carry out this work start from a bibliographic study and field research with a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive approach. The research subjects were educators who work in early childhood education. Based on the information obtained through the data, it was found that educators are aware of the importance of working with games and play for child development. However, it is clear that such tools are not used continuously in their practices, but in specific activities or only in the classroom, since the physical space to develop playful activities is not always viable. The purpose of this proposal is to promote the complete development of children through games and play. Since there was a lack of resources, workshops were developed to produce playful materials for educators, with the aim of enhancing their practices.