Potencialidade de beneficiamento da carne de jurará (Kinosternon scorpioides): uma proposta de uso comercial para a sua conservação na natureza

Abstract

The dissertation is divided into 3 chapters. Chapter I portrays the literature review that served as the basis for the main themes related to cheloniculture, slaughter and consumption of chelonian meat, with emphasis on the species Kinosternon scorpioides (historical context, taxonomy, current legislation and creation of the species in captivity). Chapter II describes the physical-chemical and chemical characterization of fresh and freeze-dried meat from Jurará (Kinosternon scorpioides). Chapter III characterizes the crude oil extracted from the jurará viscera, highlighting the determination of the fatty acid profile. This distribution gave rise to the research project that dealt with the study on the potential of jurará meat (Kinosternon scorpioides): A proposal for commercial use for its conservation in nature. A sample group of 15 adult specimens of this species, with an average weight of 365g, were placed under food and water restriction for a period of 48 hours, after which they were subjected to slaughter. The results of this study demonstrated that the jurará meat has a physicochemical characteristic of red meat with productive viability because it has a low fat content (5.49 ± 0.11) and a high protein value (82.36 ± 0.15), with an acceptable meat yield of 16.38%. These characteristics make commercial production of this species viable for commercial purposes viable by Normative Instruction 07/2015 of IBAMA. In the chemical composition of Jurará crude visceral oil (Kinosternon scorpioides), 16 fatty acids were found in its composition, among them saturated fatty acids (Cáprico, Láurico, Mirístico, Pentadecanoic, Palmitic, Margárico and Esteárico), monounsaturated fatty acids (Miristoléico, Palmitoleic, Cis-10- heptadecenoic, Elaidic and Oleic) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (Linoleic, Linolenic, Eicosadienic and Arachidonic). The raw visceral oil of jurará (Kinosternon scorpioides) has in its composition essential fatty acids from the omega-3 or ω-3 family (Linoleic and Linolenic), from the omega-6 or ω-6 family (Eicosadienic Acid and Arachidonic Acid) and from omega-9 family (Oleic Acid), which play an important role for the organism, both animal and human, pharmaceutical industry, cosmetics, for the food industry, for the manipulation of medicines and for medicine in general