Filosofia para crianças: a importância do pensamento reflexivo nas séries iniciais do ensino fundamental

Abstract

Philosophy for Children, created by Matthew Lipman, contributes significantly to teacher training, promoting the development of critical thinking, reflection and questioning from childhood. By stimulating cognitive skills such as analysis, synthesis and problem-solving, teachers are able to foster students' intellectual autonomy. The methodology values active listening and dialogue, promoting ethical and civic education by addressing philosophical issues that encourage reflection on values such as solidarity, justice and respect. The interdisciplinary integration of content strengthens the connection between different areas of knowledge, making the educator a mediator of reflective thinking and contributing to a deeper, more meaningful and transformative education. Among its main contributions, the promotion of dialogue and active listening in educational relationships stands out. The methodology teaches teachers to value empatei listening and interaction with students, creatina an environment for the collective construction of knowledge. Philosophical practice in the classroom strengthens educators' ability to encourage students to question and argue, thus developing an investigative mindset. Ethical and civic education is also an important contribution. By addressing philosophical issues, philosophy for children helps to develop values such as solidarity, respect and justice, promoting an ethical stance in both students and educators. In addition, philosophy for children favors the development of students' intellectual autonomy, as teachers learn to foster independent thinking and self-knowledge.