Educação na defesa sanitária da febre aftosa: nível de engajamento dos produtores rurais do município de São Bento – Baixada Maranhense

Abstract

Maranhão characterized as a large beef cattle center of Brazil squad with over seven million, receives this year 2014 the International Health status of free zone with vaccination in relation to FMD. However, the control and supervision of vaccination against FMD and reporting suspicious campaigns are important for the consolidation of this health condition points. A survey conducted in Sao Bento in low lands aimed to analyze the interference level of health education in attitude, knowledge, behavior and awareness of farmers (PR) on FMD in order to characterize the profile of these creators in compliance with the law or not to vaccinate (nondefaulting or defaulting). Two groups of PR were selected from among those vaccinated and prove (non-defaulting) and those not vaccinated and not show (defaulting) in a sample of 113 PR. The methodology applied in four phases: educational diagnosis, application of educational media, evaluation and development of health education product. To collect data, we used the techniques of direct observation, unstructured and structured interviews. As the group of non-defaulting PR profile, these are made up of males, age above 51 years, schooling not completed elementary education and family income of a minimum wage, and the cattle with the purpose of livelihood, and cowboy to vaccinate their animals against FMD in annual campaigns, aiming that the animals do not get sick. These breeders do not recognize the symptoms of the disease and prefer technical guidance for lectures and meetings, seeking veterinarian resale in connection with diseases in your herd. On the other hand the profile of defaulting PR resembles the non-defaulting except in the aspects of schooling, they are illiterate, unaware of the official time of vaccination against FMD, with low financial condition and the high costs of the procedure vaccination as reasons hindering their regularization by the AGED, and prefer to receive technical guidance on the disease through training and field day. Research have revealed that the means of dissemination AGED applied by the PR were not adequate in Health Education shares held in São Bento, which predispose the lack of interest in health protection of these creators of FMD.