Diversidade, isolamento e análise filogenética de Parasitas do gênero trypanosoma de morcegos do estado do Maranhão

Abstract

The species of the genus Trypanosoma are protozoa of the family Trypanosomatidae, whose biological cycle develops alternately in mammals and reduvídeos insects. Little is known about which of these parasites are present in the bats of Maranhão and what their role in the maintenance of trypanosomatids in wild and peridomiciliary cycles. The objective was to verify the presence of Trypanosoma parasites that circulate in bats from the municipalities of. The animals were captured in two campaigns, the first in April / 2017 and the second in March / 2018, each of 07 days. For the collections, eight mist networks were used, which were set up from 6:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. and inspected at 30 minute intervals, after isolation of trypanosome species. Blood samples collected were seeded in tubes containing a culture medium biphasic The obtained blood was used to make three blood smear blades per sample, which were stained with Giemsa and analyzed under the light microscope. For molecular analyzes blood, spleen and liver samples from euthanized animals were collected. DNA extraction was performed according to the protocol established by the GeneJet Genomic DNA Purification Kit and amplification was performed using the molecular markers V7V8 and gGAPDH. A total of 82 bats were captured. No parasites were identified in the blood smears, but there were 4 positive cultures for Trypanosoma, although they did not establish themselves. 57 tissue samples (blood, spleen and liver) from the municipalities of Turiaçu and Candido Mendes were analyzed and of these 25 were positive for the trypanosomate DNA barcoding (V7V8) of SSU rDNA genes. Subsequently these 25 samples were tested for the gGAPDH gene and 11 samples were positive. The diversity of species, the constant presence of bats in the studied areas and the meeting of positive animals shows the ecological importance of the bats and the fact that they should not be excluded as potential reservoirs for trypanosomatids of medical interest