Percepção de alunos de ensino médio sobre a experimentação química em seu ensino e aprendizagem

Abstract

Experimentation is a fundamental way of producing knowledge in the contemporary world. The essential objective of an experiment is to establish causal relationships between events, or rather, systematic relationships between variables - aspects of phenomena that can assume any value in a given set. This study aims to analyze the students' perceptions through the practice of experimentation in chemistry in their performance and learning. The present study is a field research, experimental, descriptive exploratory, with a qualitative approach, which examined experimentation in the teaching of chemistry: the importance of practical classes in the teaching learning process. This research was carried out at the César Marques School Unit high school. The survey data were collected through two questionnaires with open and closed questions, containing questions on the topic at hand. The results of the research reveal that the lack of adequate materials, time for the teachers to carry out the experiments, overcrowded rooms and physical space or absence of a laboratory in school institutions as the main limitations pointed out by the scientific literature for teaching chemistry through experimentation. However, the results show after the experiment in the classroom that students obtained a greater understanding of the observed phenomena, where this obtained a higher percentage of positive responses from the interviewees. The need for further research on the subject addressed is emphasized, so that we can understand the holistic nature of the subject. In addition to teaching strategies created to facilitate the implementation of experiments at low cost, especially in schools where there is an absence of material resources and laboratories for these activities.