Desigualdades socioespaciais e direito a cidade: um estudo de caso nos bairros da Ilhinha e “Península” da Ponta D'areia, São Luis/Ma

Abstract

This dissertation studies the quality of urban space in São Luís, Maranhão, through a comparative analysis between the neighborhoods of Ilhinha and Península da Ponta d’Areia, territories marked by profound socio-spatial inequalities and distinct urban infrastructure conditions. The research is based on the understanding that the unequal production of urban space directly affects environmental conditions and the population’s quality of life, revealing processes of segregation, vulnerability, and socio-environmental injustice present in contemporary urban dynamics. As a theoretical foundation, the study engages with authors who discuss the production of space, the right to the city, socio- environmental justice, and environmental racism, understanding that environmental impacts and the precariousness of urban infrastructure affect different social groups unequally. The investigation also incorporates discussions on urban development, urban environmental quality, and water infrastructure, considering the contrasts between socially valued areas and historically marginalized territories. Methodologically, the research adopts a qualitative-quantitative and exploratory approach, using bibliographic review, documentary research, field observations, photographic records, spatial analysis, and cartographic elaboration through indicators. Aspects related to urban infrastructure, water supply, sanitation, drainage, vegetation cover, land use and occupation, and the presence of urban facilities were analyzed, seeking to understand how these elements manifest unevenly within the two study areas. It is concluded that the quality of urban space is directly related to the dynamics of territorial inequality and the selective distribution of urban infrastructure and services. The research seeks to contribute to the debate on socio-environmental justice, urban planning, and the right to the city, reinforcing the need for more inclusive and equitable public policies committed to reducing urban inequalities