Resistências locais ao desenvolvimento globl: Cajueiro e Maruda na luta pelo direito às suas territorialidades

Abstract

The present work calls into question the development, based on territorial disputes between mega enterprises “versus” traditional communities, these being, specifically, the implementation and expansion of the CLA “versus” Marudá (Alcântara-MA); and the implementation of Porto São Luís “versus” Cajueiro (São Luís-MA). The dispute arises from the moment that institutionalized agents in the form of capital and the State declare interests in a territory and compulsorily expropriate local communities already certified by the State itself. The case analyzes will be carried out from the perspective of decoloniality in the light of Mignolo (2020), privileging the narratives of agents subordinated to the hegemonic structures of capital and their social effects. The interviews carried out for this research, others collected in other academic works and speeches observed in some public hearings in/from the community are presented in this work, with the intention of accurately presenting the individual and collective interests of the research agents. “The method of development and explanation of cultural phenomena, part of the objective practical activity of historical man”. (KOSIK, 1926, p. 39). We understand here that the individual is inserted in the social and historical totality, therefore, inseparable from nature and reality. By understanding this human praxis of organization, in the light of Kosik and Mignolo, we realize that subjects are producers of their own reality, trying to transform it even in the face of legal plots that are called for in an attempt at ethnocide. This study verified that the process of confronting the traditional communities in question is active, and through social mobilizations, these people resist for their territory and the right to exist, based on the contradictory and unequal perception of “development” that has been occurring for generations. these communities. In this way, the entities and agents under analysis are in constant movement brought here in their collective and individual interests that add up and will no longer add up to a reformulation of the concept of development (because this paradoxical capitalist system no longer has salvation and touches on its end), but in the applicability of an existing and efficient model, given its existence for thousands of years: living well or living well