Helenismo nos trópicos: análise da presença do helenismo na literatura brasileira pelo viés da leitura distante

Abstract

The present research investigates the presence of Hellenism in Brazilian literature by the bias of distant reading study prism of literature popularized by Franco Moretti (2000, 2008) in a corpus available in digital medium (https://linguateca.pt/acesso/corpus.php?corpus=OBRAS). In this sense there has been a survey of terms that came from Hellenic culture, formatting the semantic campus “Hellenism” inside the corpus, so it could be possible to make analysis of relative frequency of the use of terms by the selected authors. Therefore, it was made an analysis of how the Hellenic culture is present in the language used by the authors in their writings. The selection of authors was made having as base the quantity of terms in the semantic field “Hellenism” including those that showed four or more terms and excluding authors that presented less than four terms in the semantic field, having in sight that such frequency could not represent a significant presence of Hellenism in works of authors available in OBras, what results in the following list of literati: Machado de Assis, Coelho Neto, José de Alencar, Humberto de Campos, Joaquim Manuel de Macedo, Aluísio Azevedo, Euclides da Cunha, Bernardo Guimarães, Lima Barreto and Visconde de Taunay. In this light, at first it explored the comprehension of Hellenism during history, with base in the ideas of Droysen (2010), Delumeau (1994); Momigliano (1991); Pereira (2015), among others. After that, what concerns Hellenism present in Brazilian literature considerations are made with base in authors such as Veríssimo (1904); Broca (2005); Bosi (2006); Denis (1826); Magalhães (1836); Brandão (2001); Silva (2020), and others. Understanding the question about the critical precepts already established about the theme, in the following part it’s made a critical approach about the study of literature with the use of technological tools, from what it’s affirmed by Capuni (2016); Santos (2003); Kirchof (2013); Brandão (2017), and other authors. In the following reflections about distant reading it was used ideas of Moretti (2000, 2008), Pieri (2019); Khadem (2012, Apud PIERI 2019) and Araújo (2016). Therefore from such precepts it was made an analysis in the following part of this work. It was perceived that the analyze of such phenomenon as hellenism in the Brazilian letters through distant reading allows to amplify the interpretations about the theme, because, from this perspective, Coelho Neto, to a certain extent, loses his place as a symbol of Hellenism in Brazilian literature, depending on the textual genre observed, and the presence of Hellenic culture in authors of Romanticism is also perceived in a more significant than suspects literary historiography. In addition, it allows a return to literary texts based on what is seen in the graphs, making it possible to observe in a more pertinent way the semantics of terms arising from the Hellenic culture in the texts of the selected authors, as well as the perception of the use of language, influenced by for such a culture, which is present not only in autors historically recognized for their devotion to Greece, but also in other literati of realism and romanticism.