A proposta de gênero de Judith Butler na obra: Problemas de Gênero

Abstract

This study addresses the following question: how does Judith Butler understand gender identity in Gender Trouble (2024a)? In order to answer this question, the paper is divided into two parts. The first examines the project developed in Gender Trouble (2024a), that is, the main propositions advanced by Butler in this work: the conception of the subject of feminism as open, the characterization of heterosexuality as melancholic, and the understanding of the body as a set of boundaries. After presenting these formulations and the critiques Butler directs at a significant range of authors — Luce Irigaray, Simone de Beauvoir, Monique Wittig, Julia Kristeva, Jacques Lacan, Sigmund Freud, and Claude Lévi-Strauss — the second part focuses on her proposal of gender as performativity and parody. This section first addresses Butler’scritique of the metaphysics of substance and then, after demonstrating the artificiality of the unity and coherence of gender, explains the notion of gender as a doing and as a parody