Os desafios da educação inclusiva no século XXI: obstáculos e abordagens na educação especial

Abstract

This paper analyzes the challenges of special and inclusive education in the 21st century, highlighting the barriers that still hinder its effectiveness and the perspectives for overcoming these obstacles. The research problem focuses on understanding the difficulties faced by schools in implementing inclusive practices. The general objective is to identify the main challenges and propose strategies that support educational inclusion. The methodology used was qualitative, with a bibliographic and documentary approach, justified by the need to deeply understand the experiences, perceptions, and practices related to the inclusive process. The results indicated that, despite legal and pedagogical advances, structural, pedagogical, and attitudinal barriers still persist, as well as insufficient teacher training to deal with diversity. It was concluded that building inclusive education requires investments in effective public policies, teacher training, and cultural transformation in schools, in order to ensure equal opportunities and appreciation of diversity.