Drenagem Pluvial Urbana: Estudo de Caso da sub bacia do bairro da Cidade Operária, em São Luís - MA

Abstract

Currently the Urban Drainage system occupies a prominent space in the basic sanitation construction work in Brazilian cities. The disorderly urban growth in the last years and the consequent waterproofing of urban areas, in addition to the lack of urban planning in cities, intensified the problems referring to urban floods, causing severe damage to the population’s quality of life. The Urban Drainage System consists of the rain water runoff and has the purpose of minimizing the risks the population is subject to and to reduce the losses due to floods. Thus this work proposes to analyze the Urban Drainage System of the drainage sub-basin of the Cidade Operária neighborhood, which has suffered an accelerated expansion in recent years, originating innumerous neighborhoods that currently belong to the drainage basin being studied, in São Luis, Maranhão. In order to do so, it was necessary to study the drainage basin, as well as its runoff, hydrological and topographic parameters. Through field research it was possible to characterize the Urban Drainage System of the featured area, as well as to analyze the existing drainage system. Using these studies, it was possible to diagnose the disabilities of the existing system, as well as to propose a adaptation to the system, with the design of a new Urban Drainage network, since the existing one doesn’t meet the needs of the area, and future sustainable interventions in order to provide a better quality of life to the population of the examined area. As a result, the designed project contained precast concrete culverts, of big capacity, associated to tubular culvert networks, of smaller capacity. The construction of precast culvert needs physical space, requiring land expropriation. Therefore, a second alternative was proposed, which foresees an openair, trapezoidal concrete culvert system, set in an area where expropriation will also be necessary, but it contemplates a sustainable solution: a linear park around the culvert network