Utilização do tijolo ecológico solo-cimento na construção: uma abordagem econômica e ambiental

Abstract

The present work analyzes the feasibility, in the economic and environmental aspects, of the application of soil-cement blocks in the popular constructions, explaining its several advantages in relation to the conventional ceramic brick. A bibliographic review of the ecological brick related to articles, undergraduate studies and sites of companies of the branch published in the last years was elaborated. Based on this review, the component materials of the ecological brick were briefly discussed and how they should be selected and arranged for production. After presenting its simple and sustainable form of production, it was commented on the Modular Construction System, technical innovation enjoyed in the construction process of the ecological masonry. It was used the construction project of a popular house (located in Panaquatira, São Luís-MA) to elaborate a cost comparison, composed of two budgets in an analytical model: one considering the masonry of the project being carried out by conventional ceramic bricks and another considering ecological-soil-cement bricks. From this comparison, it was noticed that the ecological masonry presented an economy of 22% in relation to the conventional masonry. Finally, in order to further reinforce the importance of creating an alternative to the culture of using conventional brick, a brief analysis of the environmental impacts caused by conventional brick pottery and brick factories demonstrating the discrepant data that point to the production of soil-cement brick as more sustainable