Avaliação antimicrobiana dos extratos vegetais das sementes da espécie Euterpe oleracea Mart

Abstract

The açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) is a fruit grown and consumed predominantly in the northern region of Brazil, characterized by its diverse Amazonian flora. It stands out for its caloric value, which can be considered as a fruit rich in fiber, vitamin E, lipids, proteins and minerals such as manganese, copper, bromine and chromium, in addition to having a high content of anthocyanins, which protect our body against arteriosclerosis and also favor blood circulation. In the Amazon, the Euterpe oleracea Mart. palm tree stands out for being the most productive palm tree. The fruit of this palm tree has a purple or green epicarp, depending on its degree of ripeness, has an average weight of 1.5 g and is globose in shape with about 1 to 2 cm in diameter. Although studies on antimicrobial properties in plants have been recognized for centuries, this has only recently been proven with the interest in studies of medicinal plants, which are mostly located in developing countries, due to their traditions and cultures with the use and treatment through them. The objective of the study was to identify biological activities in Euterpe oleracea Mart, in order to make it the main object of study and evaluate its antimicrobial activities, where standard strains from the American Type Collection (ATCC) were used, being Grampositive: Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922). The results obtained in the test to determine the antimicrobial activity showed inhibition of growth on the tested strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, where for the strains of Staphylococcus aureus a greater sensitivity to the crude extract and aqueous fraction and ethyl acetate was observed, since they presented significant inhibitory halos. It was concluded that the seeds of the plant species Euterpe oleracea Mart have antibacterial activity against such pathological microorganisms