Perfil da cadeia produtiva do leite no município de Dom Pedro - MA

Abstract

The milk production chain is one of the main economic activities in Brazil and comes since the colonization period and that national milk production is present in almost all Brazilian municipalities. Brazil is the third largest producer of milk in the world, with production below that of the United States and India, and has the second largest herd of milked cows in the world. The state of Maranhão has little representation on the national scene, with an annual production of 393 million liters of milk, placing the state in 4th place in relation to production in the Northeast and 16th in the national ranking. The objective of the research is to characterize the productive chain of dairy cattle farming in the municipality of Dom Pedro - MA, the work was developed in the period from July to November 2022 through a field study in rural properties during visits to the properties was performed the application of semi-structured questionnaire with objective and subjective questions about the functional dynamics of the dairy activity inside and outside the gate. All producers interviewed have more than ten years in the activity, among the six producers, three, representing 50%, are continuing the activity left by their parents, but 100% of the owners have secondary activities. The six properties studied vary widely in size, the smallest presents 50 ha and the largest 500 ha, and 100% of the area occupied by dairy cattle are in cultivated pasture without the presence of native pasture, where the predominant cultivation of mombasa grass present in 83.3% of the properties and the grassbrachiaria 66.6%, in the food management, the matrices are kept only to pasture throughout the year, With regard to the infrastructure of the properties studied, it was found that 100% make use of a "package" mixed with barbed wire and flat wire fences, before this theme and important to note that 100% of the properties studied do not receive technical assistance focused on dairy farming in the municipality of Dom Pedro, therefore, is characterized as semi-intensive. The dairy cattle farming in the municipality of Dom Pedro - MA, requires actions in several areas in the activity, because there is need for substantial technological improvements in the management of pastures, nutritional, reproductive, sanitary and marketing of the product