Anteprojeto de habitação social em vazio urbano: Bairro do São Francisco, São Luís - MA

Abstract

In Brazil, the problematics related to housing deficit are old, so in 2009 the Federal Government in order to improve their housing situation in the country created Minha Casa Minha Vida – MCMV, a program that facilitated finance loan and provided subsidies for the acquisition of social housing. Thus, many citizens with low wage incomes were able to acquire a property, but these constructions are used to be in majority built in places too distant from the urban centers, what causes great dissatisfaction in their residents due to the difficulties that living far from downtown brings to that people. The large amount of underutilized land found in urban centers, not exercising any social function, so-called urban voids, could be used to construct these popular dwellings, thus resolving the problem of distance and the easier access to services and infrastructure. Therefore, the general objective of this work is to propose a plan of a set of housing units located in an urban void, in the neighborhood of São Francisco (São Luís – MA), with the aim of showing that it is possible to construct dignified housing for the people, in the heart of urban centers, which provides greater quality of life and accessibility to residents. For a better understanding of the subject, it was made an analysis approaching about the trajectory of public housing policies in Brazil and São Luís, with emphasis on aspects related to architecture and urbanism, as well as a critical analysis of the social housing architecture produced after the creation of PMCMV.