Análise geoambiental da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Preto-MA: subsídios à caracterização da zona ripária

Abstract

The research was developed in the Preto river basin - MA, located in the East Maranhense, more specifically in its riparian zone.The riparian zone is characterized by interaction between the soil, river and vegetation, fundamental for the maintenance of geodiversity and hydrological functioning of the basin. The study area is located in the river basin Preto - MA, which is made up of fourteen municipalities, where in recent years it has been by constant changes in its landscape due to the intense urbanization process and the economic activities such as agribusiness. This work has the general objective of characterizing the geoenvironmental parameters of the riparian zone of the Preto river basin - MA. In this perspective, the theoretical foundation is based on a discussion about the riparian zone: bases conceptual; Delimitation; Legal frameworks: conservation instrument for the Riparia Zone.To achieving the objectives, geoprocessing techniques were applied, which allowed the elaboration of cartographic products: location map, use and coverage map, geomorphology map, geology map etc. In addition to carrying out fieldwork with capturing images of the study area using a camera and the use of GPS. The methodology applied is based on the New Forest Code, law nº 12. 651/12, and provides geographical and cartography of the basin as an aid to its management. The application of techniques allowed the establishment of an area of ​​981.71 km² of Riparian zone, threatened mainly by soybean and eucalyptus monocultures. The constant environmental impacts caused throughout the years in the study area make its natural resources scarce in addition to mischaracterizing the landscape of the Cerrado Maranhense. Therefore, characterization and delimitation are parameters necessary for the conservation of the riparian zone and the Rio Preto river basin - MA