Proposta de técnicas construtivas sustentáveis em comunidades indígenas: um estudo de caso na Aldeia Januária, município em Bom Jardim - MA

Abstract

The sustainable construction movement gained prominence at the end of the 20th century, driven by increasing environmental concerns and the need for more eco-friendly solutions. During the 1970s and 1980s, events such as the oil crisis heightened these concerns, leading to the development of more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly technologies and practices. A significant milestone was the establishment of the U.S. Green Building Council in 1993, responsible for the LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) certification system, a global standard for sustainable buildings. Sustainable construction prioritizes the use of materials and practices that reduce environmental impact, such as ecofriendly building materials, energy efficiency, and consideration of indoor air quality and thermal comfort. However, in indigenous communities like the village of Januária, there are specific challenges related to housing construction, as preserving cultural traditions and using local materials are essential. For example, the traditional construction technique of taipa is valued for its sustainability and integration with the local environment. This study aims to identify the challenges and specific needs of sustainable construction in the village of Januária, proposing improvements and considering the use of local materials. The methodology includes interviews, questionnaires, and analysis of construction materials. It is hoped that this study will contribute to the development of sustainable building techniques that respect local cultural traditions.