Perfil da criação equina em propriedades dos municípios Pertencentes a ilha do maranhão – Brasil

Abstract

Studies that take into account the characterization of equine breeding systems are relevant to understand how management occurs in all its stages. In this context, this study aimed to characterize the breeding profile of equine herds on properties on the Grande Ilha do Maranhão. The research was carried out in the four municipalities of Maranhão Island (São Luís, São José de Ribamar, Paço do Lumiar and Raposa), using printed and online semi-structured questionnaires, involving the search for understanding about the conditions of the facilities, economic viability , food, reproductive, health management and general aspects of taming practiced in farms. The interviews were carried out with the person responsible for direct management of the researched properties. Interviews were carried out in 13 units that develop equine breeding within the objectives sought in the research. The results verified the presence of basic facilities for the management of equine breeding, the prevailing food management occurs through the supply of fresh grasses, preserved roughage (hay), supply of concentrate (feed) and mineral mixture. As for reproduction, controlled natural breeding prevails. Health control is carried out through the use of vaccines and dewormers. The conditioning of animals for domestic use occurs through rational taming. In part, management still takes place in a basic way, but requires adjustments in fundamental steps in equine breeding. According to the results observed, it was possible to conclude that the properties on Maranhão Island, which are predominantly focused on breeding the Quarter Horse breed for equestrian sport, have facilities that meet the basic breeding standard. However, the management practiced appears to be quite rudimentary, requiring assertive management measures to improve production efficiency in farms. In this sense, it is necessary to carry out efficient dietary planning, aiming not only to prevent eating disorders, but above all to promote a balanced nutritional status and improve animal welfare conditions