Levantamento botânico das plantas medicinais cultivadas na comunidade Ilha d' água, São Vicente Férrer - MA

Abstract

Medicinal plants have historically been used to treat illnesses and promote health. Phytotherapy, especially in Brazil, plays a crucial role in primary healthcare due to challenges in accessing conventional medical services. In this context, phytotherapy emerges as an essential tool for health promotion, strengthening cultural ties, and contributing to the lasting protection of biodiversity, while providing fundamental therapeutic alternatives for community well-being and harmony with the environment. This article presents a botanical survey of medicinal plants used by residents of the Ilha D´Água community in the rural area of São Vicente Férrer municipality, Maranhão, Brazil. The objective is to identify the most commonly found medicinal plants in the region and their methods of use. To obtain data, structured interviews were conducted with male and female residents throughout the community. The results indicate that a significant number of respondents highlighted Lemon Balm, Boldo, Rue, Lemongrass, and Large Mint as the most commonly used medicinal plants. It was also observed that women in the community play a central role in transmitting this knowledge, preserving traditions, and contributing to cultural identity. Medicinal plants not only serve as traditional remedies but also as guardians of stories, traditions, and family ties. Furthermore, the article emphasizes the need to continue this work, addressing aspects such as the biodiversity of medicinal plants, the sustainability of these practices, and their effects on environmental preservation, underscoring the importance of preserving and valuing this knowledge.