Uso e ocupação desordenados do solo urbano em Bacabal, Maranhão: O caso do bairro Pantanal

Abstract

It is a study that presents in its structure, aspects related to the use and occupation of urban land with a focus on disorderly occupation, without having delimited the areas of permanent preservation of the surroundings and without studies on the impact that this action would produce on the environment local. Considering the spatial dynamism, the urban growth of Bacabal and the periphery of the city, the problem situation of the study is configured by: how the disorderly use and occupation of the area of a peripheral neighborhood in the city of Bacabal - Maranhão caused the degradation of the environment and the commitment of the areas of permanent preservation of the surroundings? The objective of the study is to analyze the environmental impacts generated by the disordered use and occupation of urban soil. The research methodology referenced in this work is exploratory-descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The bibliographic research resource was used to build the theoretical framework. As this is an exploratory-descriptive study, in the development of the research, documentary research was used as a source of information. In this stage of the research, documents and files obtained from the Municipal Secretariat for Works and Sanitation and the Municipal Secretariat for the Environment were analyzed. From information obtained from the application of questionnaires and interviews with residents, the situation in which the neighborhood is found was evidenced, showing the socio-environmental impacts caused by disorderly occupation. It was identified that the initial occupation process took place without urban planning, with area occupation by people who came from the rural area looking for a place to live in the city. There was no zoning of the space and the occupations took place in larger and smaller lots according to the availability of the occupants to monitor the land to prevent other occupants from taking over. In the end, the compensatory measures presented for the identified socioenvironmental impacts arose initially on the initiative of environmental preservation entities and groups of residents who created the neighborhood association.