Centralidade regional e pressões intra-urbanas: produção habitacional, planejamento e gestão do solo urbano em Chapadinha, Maranhão

Abstract

The study about the urban network demonstrates the diversity of the cities, it due to different privates and public investments, the structuration of Brazil network urban. It is the result of regional development politics that from the 1970s passed the insert the medium cities as node of the network, on the performance of center of articulation paper between distinct space, large and small cities. The different configurations of the spatial and economic structure of the Brazilian regions make it impossible to use fixed to the identification of the middle cities, regional centralities, that need the differential identification for to reach the understanding of this complex and variable reality. The state of Maranhão, located in the northeast, has in its spatial structure numerous small urban centers, whose population is below 20 thousand inhabitants, a fact that contributes to the adoption of different standards in the definition of medium cities. Chapadinha, a city with population above 70 thousand inhabitants, considered a middle Maranhão city, playing a regional role in the urban network of Maranhão has been undergoing diverse spatial transformations. Starting from the regional role of the Municipality of Chapadinha, the present work intends to analyze the regional role of the Municipality of Chapadinha, Maranhão and the articulations between the management and the urban planning to meet the housing pressures generated by the intra-urban and extra-municipal demands. Based on the existing bibliography and from an empirical evidence, with secondary data and information collected in the field, it is sought to characterize the recent regional development of Maranhão and the changes produced in the urban network. In addition, we intend to analyze the regional dynamics of Chapadinha and its new role in the urban network of Maranhão; to identify the main socio-spatial transformations of the municipality and its consequences in the urban transformations of Chapadinha and to verify how the municipal administration, through urban planning and management, has acted to meet the demands for housing in the urban space of Chapadinha. As the main result, we verified the existing a disharmony among regional and urban since the municipality of Chapadinha, playing important roles in the regional space, kept the urban space structure disassociated from its growth, as well as the actions carried out by planning and management urbanization, accentuating socio-spatial inequalities.