Uma análise da atuação do Colegiado Territorial do Vale do Itapecuru-MA: avanços e desafios

Abstract

The Brazilian countryside has always been marked by land concentration, social inequality and conflicts. Seen as the 'poor cousin' of the city, with disabilities and without great economic potentialities. Devoid of development policies that take into account their particularities and needs. Most of the development policies proposed by the Brazilian State attempted to minimize the conflicts and pressures that grew in rural areas, while at the same time privileging certain social groups and sectors. Since the 1990s, with the process of re-democratization and political openness, new perspectives on the Brazilian rural environment have emerged as the adoption of a development perspective based on two key words: territorial approach and social management that had already been adopted in the policies Countries of advanced capitalist economy. In this development perspective, the following stand out: the protagonism and participation of social actors, the territory as a reference unit and the eradication of rural poverty through the elaboration of local development projects. In this sense, we should highlight the Territory of Citizenship Program, launched in 2008 by the Federal Government, which proposes the achievement of development and the overcoming of rural poverty, taking into account the territory as the main stage of action and social actors as the main managers of this policy. In it, the social management of the territory was in charge of three main instances, among them is the Territorial Colegiado. It was intended as an instance of shared management between representatives of civil society and the public power of a territory for the implementation of rural territorial development policy. The government proposal is that through this shared management the long-awaited sustainable rural development is achieved. In this way, the present work aims to analyze the performance of the Territorial Collegiate of the Itapecuru Valley / MA in the process of territorial management to reach the articulations proposed by the Citizenship Territories Program. In order to achieve the desired results, a methodology based on a bibliographical and documentary survey was used; Visits to the study area and the institutions that work in it; Photographic records; As well as semi-structured interviews with open questions with 30 members and former members of the Territorial Collegiate of Vale do Itapecuru and questionnaires. This work sought to clarify the perspective that the territorial agents have in relation to their role of action in the territorial development policy. Participants mentioned the main obstacles that impede the progress and good performance of the Program in the Territory of Vale do Itapecuru- MA, such as the lack of participation or absence of the public power in the decision-making process, the difficulty of communication within the institution, the lack of autonomy of the Collegiate in the execution of the productive projects planned by them, among other aggravating factors that contribute to the disarticulation and demotivation of these social actors. From these points and counterpoints, the functionality of this development policy in the Territory of the Itapecuru Valley / MA is questioned considering it is recent and is in progress.