Centro Educacional Agrícola José Ribamar: proposta de estudo preliminar arquitetônico em São João Batista - Maranhão

Abstract

Family farming plays a central role in the economic and sociocultural dynamics of the municipality of São João Batista–MA; however, it faces limitations related to access to technical training, agricultural infrastructure, and productive qualification. Such conditions contribute to youth outmigration, reduce local competitiveness, and compromise the continuity of traditional agricultural practices. In this context, architecture emerges as a strategic tool capable of articulating space, territorial identity, and education, contributing to the promotion of sustainable rural development. Therefore, this Final Undergraduate Project aims to propose a preliminary architectural study for an Agricultural Education Center focused on the technical training of family farmers, promoting the integration of traditional knowledge, technological innovation, and sustainable practices. Methodologically, the work adopts a qualitative approach of descriptive and exploratory nature, based on three main procedures: bibliographic research, analysis of architectural references, and contextual survey. The bibliographic research enabled the understanding of the role of family farming in Brazil, in the state of Maranhão, and in the municipality, as well as the relationship between architecture, earning environments, and sustainability. The analysis of reference projects made it possible to identify architectural solutions applicable to the rural context, while the contextual survey supported the preliminary guidelines of the study. As a result, a preliminary architectural study of the José Ribamar Agricultural Education Center was developed, structured to meet local demands for technical training and productive capacity building. The proposal includes theoretical, practical, and community environments, prioritizing natural ventilation, environmental comfort, sustainability, territorial identity, and the integration between indoor and outdoor spaces. The project reinforces the role of architecture in valuing family farming and in promoting training opportunities that may contribute to socioeconomic development and the permanence of youth in rural areas.