Liberdade quer dizer terra: a questão agrário-camponesa nas décadas de 1950 e 60 a partir do jornal Liga e o ensino de história

Abstract

This dissertative text aims to analyze the newspaper Liga, a left-wing political newspaper and spokesperson for the Peasant Leagues. The newspaper is a concentrated expression of the unprecedented political effervescence and rise of popular struggles that characterized Brazil between 1947 and 1964. Through the periodical we are able to understand the aspirations, dreams, ideals, values and beliefs that the Liga wanted to mobilize in Brazilian society in the 1960s. In addition, we identify the ideologies of the pre-1964 left, their internal disputes and how they related to the João Goulart Government around basic reforms. The newspaper Liga was part of a political culture that brought with it political projects that aimed to radically change the structure of Brazilian society. Our research with the newspaper was guided by three axes: 1) the presence of certain concepts or categories; 2) the frequency with which certain concepts or categories appear; 3) a study of the newspaper's editorial trends. This work also aimed to analyze History textbooks for the 9th grade of Elementary School. Our interest is to understand how the content on the Peasant Leagues was arranged in the textbooks, to problematize the narrative on populism still present in History textbooks and to question what space is reserved for peasant mobilizations within the political history of Brazil. Finally, we proposed the creation of a supplementary textbook, a booklet entitled Cartilha das Ligas Camponesas, in which we sought to make a more faithful reconstruction of the democratic experience that Brazil lived before the military coup of 1964.