Monitoramento de processos erosivos lineares e perda de solos por meio de estação experimental no município de São Luís - MA

Abstract

The aim of this research is to analyze soil loss due to water erosion, with an emphasis on linear erosion processes, using experimental station systems in the municipality of São Luís (MA). The research is based on the growing degradation of soil in urban areas, aggravated by disorderly growth and the replacement of natural vegetation with impermeable surfaces, which intensifies surface runoff and, consequently, the impacts of erosion. The research was based on a theoretical-methodological approach that combines concepts from Geography, Geomorphology and Soil Science, as well as highlighting the role of experimental stations as an environmental monitoring tool. In the practical field, two experimental stations were set up with different vegetation covers (grass and tree vegetation), in which data was collected on rainfall, surface runoff and sediment loss. The results showed that areas with vegetation cover had lower rates of soil loss and runoff, confirming the effectiveness of vegetation in mitigating erosion processes. The research reinforces the importance of continuous monitoring and the implementation of public policies aimed at soil conservation and sustainable urban planning