A eficácia do uso de microrganismos eficientes para o meio ambiente e agricultura sustentável, uma revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

Efficient microorganisms are very small beings (fungi and bacteria) that live naturally in fertile soils and on plants. These are important bets for the development of more sustainable agricultural systems, with reduced use of chemical inputs. Microorganisms can interact in different ways. The beneficial interaction is when the microorganism assists in the growth, development or resistance of plants, functioning collectively as a microbiome. Fungi and bacteria act in the mobilization and transport of nutrients, production of organic compounds that promote development and help protect against pathogens, in addition to achieving nitrogen fixation and phosphorus mineralization and increasing the rhizosphere. Techniques with the inoculation of efficient microorganisms can reduce production costs and increase sustainability in agriculture with biological resources. Thus, the present work aimed to carry out a bibliographical survey on the effectiveness of efficient microorganisms used in agriculture and the benefits for the environment. To carry out the work, an integrative literature review was used. Searches were carried out in the following databases: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), PUBMED and Google Scholar. Using the Boolean operator AND. Google Scholar was the database that presented the most satisfactory results, as the 10 works selected were from the respective platform. In summary, it was concluded that efficient microorganisms have several favorable characteristics to be used to provide more sustainable agriculture and the environment, however, further studies in the area are still necessary.