Ocorrências erosivas em área periurbana de São Brás e Macaco no município de São josé de Ribamar - MA

Abstract

This study addresses the characterization of erosive processes accelerated by urban expansion and anthropogenic activities occurring in the São Brás and Macaco neighborhoods, located in the municipality of São José de Ribamar – MA, one of the four large municipalities on the greater Island of Maranhão. The research objective is to analyze and characterize the erosive occurrences in the region. The methodology was based on bibliographic and cartographic research, including the analysis of remote sensing images, the production of maps such as land use and cover, slope, and soils, in addition to fieldwork for collecting soil samples and analyzing their physical attributes in the laboratory. The study identified four points of erosive occurrences, whose causes involve relief characteristics that favor surface runoff and anthropogenic activities related to the removal of native vegetation, irregular mining, and improper disposal of solid waste. These practices worsen erosive processes, impact biodiversity, and threaten water reserves. The peri-urban region of the São Brás and Macaco neighborhoods plays a relevant economic role but suffers from disorderly urban expansion. To contain environmental impacts and preserve ecosystem services, it's crucial to involve the community and intensify inspection measures and environmental awareness. This initial work aims to subsidize future analyses and sustainable agricultural practices, benefiting the local population