Lei Lucas: análise do conhecimento teórico-prático em primeiros socorros entre professores das séries iniciais de uma Instituição Escolar

Abstract

Basic Life Support (BLS) is crucial to keep victims stable in emergency situations until specialized help arrives, but its practice is still limited among laypeople. To address the lack of preparation in schools, the Lucas Law (Law No. 13,722/2018) imposes mandatory first aid (PH) training for education professionals, aiming to avoid further complications. Since the school environment is prone to occurrences that can compromise student safety, the preparation of educators is essential, ensuring protection and the ability to respond efficiently in times of emergency, benefiting the entire school community. The general objective of the study was to assess the level of first aid knowledge of early grade teachers in a school unit located in a municipality in the interior of the state of Maranhão. This is an action research, carried out in three stages, with questionnaires before and after first aid training, applied to teachers at the Diocesan College of Coroatá – Dom Reinaldo Pünder. Including 22 teachers of both sexes who have been working for more than a year in teaching activities in public or private institutions, specifically in elementary school classes in the initial years, which correspond to the 1st to 5th grade. The data obtained were analyzed manually in order to verify possible damage to their physical integrity or any factor that compromised the reading of the information. Subsequently, they were tabulated in digital format using Microsoft Excel software, version 2021. The results showed that the participating teachers, despite their solid training and long experience in the educational field, demonstrate weaknesses in terms of knowledge and training in first aid. The lack of training in the institutions and the lack of knowledge of the Lucas Law are evident. Emergency situations are frequently witnessed, but reactions are marked by insecurity and nervousness. After the training, a significant improvement was observed in behaviors when faced with school emergencies. Also highlighting the need for minimum infrastructure, such as accessible first aid kits. It is concluded that there is an urgent need to train education professionals to act in the face of school emergencies. The research, a pioneer in the region, highlights the importance of Law No. 13,722/2018 and the need for ongoing training. The role of institutions and managers in promoting school safety policies is also highlighted, and it is therefore recommended that studies be expanded and adequate resources be guaranteed for safe and integrated education