Perfil epidemiológico dos óbitos por infarto agudo do miocárdio no Maranhão

Abstract

Introduction: Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is a serious condition characterized by the death of cardiomyocytes due to prolonged ischemia, usually triggered by the formation of thrombi on atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary arteries. This pathology represents a significant public health problem in Brazil, being the main isolated cause of mortality in the country, responsible for more than 60 thousand deaths annually. Objectives: Taking into account the current scenario of mortality from acute myocardial infarction at a global and national level, this study aimed to investigate the current epidemiological panorama of deaths from acute myocardial infarction in the state of Maranhão from 2019 to 2023. Methodology: This is a descriptive and retrospective study. The research began with secondary data from records made available by the Mortality Information System, linked to the Department of Information Technology of the Unified Health System (DATASUS). Results: The results indicated a total of 15,985 deaths from AMI in the state, with a greater predominance in male individuals (n = 9,755), of brown race/color with a percentage rate of 69.5%, aged 80 years and over, with no or low level of education, and home as the highest place of occurrence. After analyzing the epidemiological profile of deaths from acute myocardial infarction in the state of Maranhão, between 2019 and 2024. Conclusion: it is concluded that acute myocardial infarction is a serious health condition with high mortality and highlights the need for integrated actions, which consider the social determinants and the specific contexts of the most affected groups, to effectively address mortality from AMI.