Territórios costeiros-marinhos e as “estratégias de gestão”: o caso da Resex de Cururupu – MA

Abstract

This study presents the protected areas as part of a set of instruments that the National Environmental Policy adopted for the environmental management of natural resources in Brazil. Understanding that in practice there is not always a direct correlation between what is said in discursive terms (the point of view of public policy) and what takes place in reality. In that sense, the objective is to try to describe and analyze the actions of those involved in the environmental management process of the Marine Extractive Reserve in Cururupu, based on the methodological approach of historical materialism-Dialectical. As data collection strategies, the following procedures were used: survey and analysis of bibliographical material, document research in organs and specialized sites; field work (with application of a questionnaire to directors and the head of Resex of Cururupu, photographic record, beyond recording the speech of advisers during meetings of the Board). The results show that in accordance with Law nº. 9985/2000 indicating guiding elements on the management of extractive reserves, and The Management Plan as the main management tool and presence of an Advisory Board to enable these elements. In this sense, Resex Deliberative Council of Cururupu through the actions of each director, seeks to list proposals and measures to assist the completion of the Management Plan, which has passed through a development phase in 2009, but was discontinued in 2010, being resumed development in 2015. The items which will appear in the UC Handling Plan study aimed to find mechanisms to subsidize track of activities (fishing season, mangrove wood removed for production of firewood, control and monitoring of the types of vessels circulating in Resex, supervision and punishment for overfishing among others) that occur within the area of Marine Extractive Reserve of Cururupu. Regarding the problem of non-completion of the Handling Plan, the Resex of Cururupu has a Management Agreement considered a management tool that aims to indicate preliminarily activities and prohibitions on use of available natural resources in UC study. In addition to an own management system, such as: Residents Association of Marine Extractive Reserve in Cururupu; the Green Group with the project "Community Clean" and actions of former residents to these legal provisions acted to defend the preservation of natural resources Resex of Cururupu. It is concluded that the environmental management in the Marine Extractive Reserve in Cururupu Marine can be considered inefficient because the management plan has not been completed even after 11 years after its creation and the participation of local people in the production stage and completion this second attempt. However, to repair the lack of the Handling Plan was published the Management Agreement indicate elements that enable the management process, but also provide instruments for the permanence of families in Resex of Cururupu, trying to offer better quality of living standards, maintaining their traditional practices and conserving local biodiversity.