Comunidade de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares sob diferentes formas de uso do solo no bioma amazônico

Abstract

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are organisms present in several ecosystems and play a fundamental role in maintaining the productivity of terrestrial plant ecosystems due to their association with most known plant species. Estimating the occurrence of AMF species is an important step for future environmental conservation actions and increased production. The objective of this work is to carry out the identification of communities of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in different land uses in the Maranhão Amazon. Soil collections were carried out at the end of the rainy season (May/2022) at the Technological Reference Unit of Embrapa Cocais, in the municipality of Pindaré-Mirim (MA) and three areas were selected under different uses: I) Forest area (M), II) Transition Area (T), III) Agrosilvopastoral System Area (SAF). Ten composite soil samples from each type of land use, at a depth of 0-20 cm, were taken for the analyses. Extraction and morphological identification of glomerospores, estimation of ecological indices and quantification of glomalin 3 easily extractable fraction 3 were carried out. The data obtained were submitted to homogeneity test, analysis of variance and Tukey test, at 5% probability. Glomerospore density varied between 50 and 190 in 50g-1 of soil in different areas. The genus Glomus showed the highest richness with 11 species of AMF, followed by the genera Acaulospora and Scutellospora. The community of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi varied as a result of land use. The agrosystem presented greater diversity of species.