Análise da composição florística e das condições de conforto térmico no bairro Renascença, São Luís - MA

Abstract

Urban afforestation is an alternative that can contribute in many ways to the urban landscape, interacting with the benefits from a physical and climatic surface, through a current of solar radiation on a surface, sound attenuation, increased air pollution and reduction of energy consumption in hot regions. The urban environment should be a place where the user's sense of comfort is achieved, however, in many cases, urban environments do not offer adequate comfort conditions, be it thermal, acoustic, luminous or visual. The objective of this work is to evaluate the floristic composition in the neighborhood Renascença Garden, São Luís - Maranhão, and its importance as a potentiating element for urban thermal comfort. The methodology of floristic composition was based on the survey of the tree species of the streets of the Renascença district, conducted in November / 2018 and May / 2019, from a census of the trees; already the methodology of the thermal comfort conditions, was carried out by measurements performed in the Thermo-Hygrometer apparatus during two days in the drought period referring to November / 2018 and two days in the rainy season referring to May / 2019, at 10-minute intervals during one hour. It was observed that of the 260 arboreal individuals present in the streets of the Renascença neighborhood, six species represent 94% of the total of individuals used in the afforestation, being cataloged 44% native species and 56% exotic species. In all the dry season readings to the dry period, it was possible prove the influence of the vegetation on the meteorological variables and on the thermal comfort index.