Acarofauna associada a vegetação nativa de mangabeira Hancornia speciosa Gomes no bioma cerrado, Morros-MA

Abstract

Mangaba is the fruit of the mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa Gomes), a species of the Apocynaceae family, typical of the Cerrado and Maranhense countryside formations. This paper aims to characterize acarofauna associated with native vegetation of mangabeira in fragments of the cerrado biome. The research was carried out in the São Raimundo and Santana villages located in Morros municipality, in the Lençóis Maranhenses / Munim Territory, state of Maranhão. Monthly leaf collections were carried out during 2018. The collected plant material was duly identified and sent to the Laboratory of Acarology / NBA / CCA / UEMA for the mite extraction procedures. In each sample area, 10 randomized plants were chosen, in zigzag walk with a distance of 10 meters between trees. For sampling, 40 leaflets were taken, with 10 plants sampled in each fragment, totaling 800 leaflets per collection. After sorting the collected material, the mites were placed in plastic bottles (30 ml) in 70% alcohol with glycerine drops, and then mounted on microscopy slides in Hoyer medium and were taken to the bacteriological greenhouse at 45 ° C. C for one week. The fighting of the blades was performed for better conservation of the mites. The specimens were identified in a phase contrast optical stereoscope microscope with the aid of dichotomous keys and review work. We found 258 mites associated with mangaba, covering nine families, in the two fragments examined. In the São Raimundo fragment, the largest number of specimens (163 mites) was obtained. Of the total specimens found in the rainy season, the oribatids had the highest number (45), followed by the predators of the Phytoseiidae family (12), and the phytophagous belonging to the Tetranychidae family (11). In the dry period the same pattern occurred, the oribatids obtained the largest number (32), followed by the Phytoseiidae mites (15). The Santana Village fragment presented a smaller number of individuals (95) compared to the São Raimundo Village fragment. In the rainy season the oribatids stood out (86 specimens), in the dry season the suborder Oribatida presented 5 specimens. There was a higher occurrence of mango mites in the São Raimundo fragment during the rainy season compared to the Santana fragment. In both fragments studied the mites of the suborder Oribatida were the most representative in number of specimens