Brucelose: frequência, georreferenciamento de focos, fatores de risco em rebanhos bovinos e em seres humanos envolvidos na cadeia produtiva do leite na região do Médio Mearim, Maranhão, Brasil

Abstract

The Brucellosis is a cosmopolitan chronic infectious disease that affects domestic animals, wildlife, marine mammals and the man.The Brucelose incurs productive and reproductive economic losses. It is considered a zoonosis with serious injuries to the health of the population .Ahead of the displayed one, the research had for aim to estimate the prevalence of the brucelose in milky flocks and involved human beings in the productive milk chain in the Region of the Mearim Midfielder, Maranhão. They were selected, of simple random form, samples of blood of 15 bovines pertaining to 35 properties in 7 cities of the Regional of Pedreiras.During the harvest a Epidemiological questionnaire was applied to research factors that could be associates to the infection. Also Blood samples of 60 milkers of the selected properties were collected.For Diagnostic was adopted the screening test with Buffered Acidified Antigen (AAT), followed by confirmatory testing of 2-Mercaptoethanol (2-ME) and Fluorescent Polarization Test (FPT).For Diagnostic was adopted the screening test with Buffered Acidified Antigen (AAT), followed by confirmatory testing of 2-Mercaptoethanol (2-ME) and Fluorescent Polarization Test (FPT).Of the 525 examined cattle samples, it was verified that the prevalence of positive animals was of 17/5253(23%) and 13/5252(47%), in the tests of 2 ME and TPF, respectively. The prevalence of focos flocks, with at least a positive animal, in confirmatory tests described above, was of 9/35(25.71%) e 8/35 (22.85%), respectively. Of hemossoros humanos 1/60. (1.66%) was positive in variable 2 - ME. As to submit p < 0.20 in the univariate analysis were considered epidemiologically relevant for the occurrence of brucellosis. Thus, it was contacted that the presence of sheeps (OR = 6,66, IC 95%= [1,26 - 35,03]); purchases of animals for reproduction (OR = 4,08, IC 95%= [0,70- 23,50]) and occurrence of abortions in the last twelve months (OR = 2.81, IC 95%= [0,59 - 13,33] were risk factors. While the presence of picket maternity (0R = O, 26, 95% CI = [0.04 to 1.63]) was a protective factor The spatial study showed that brucellosis is widespread in the regional dairy herd studied .These findings indicate the need for improvements in the brucellosis eradication and control actions , such as serological tests , identification and elimination of reactor animals , increases of fee of vaccine covering rage , supporting adherence of creators to accreditation of free or monitored properties and health education .