Manifestações patológicas em casarão do centro histórico de São Luís: estudo de caso no prédio ocupado pelo curso de história da Universidade Estadual do Maranhão utilizando a matriz GUT

Abstract

Historical mansions are not exempt from undergoing the process of deterioration and the appearance of pathological manifestations. The absence of proper maintenance, combined with the continuous use of these buildings, contributes to the emergence of pathological issues. These pathologies range from structural damages to aesthetic problems, compromising both the physical integrity and the historical aspects of these constructions. This study describes the main pathological manifestations collected during an inspection of a building located in the Historic Center of São Luís do Maranhão, which currently houses the History course of the State University of Maranhão (UEMA). The identified anomalies are presented and classified through the GUT matrix (gravity, urgency, and trend), with probable causes and possible corrective actions outlined to partially or definitively address the pathologies. The results of the study, based on the risk level of the pathological manifestations, revealed that 29% of the occurrences were classified as critical, requiring immediate intervention due to the high risk to the structure and the safety of the users. The case study presented 76% of the pathological manifestations as failures, resulting from the inadequate use of building elements, along with insufficient maintenance that allows for the progressive deterioration of structures, causing the pathologies. With this diagnosis, it is possible to take action to preserve the memory and identity of a society, ensuring that these precious buildings from the past continue to tell the story and pass on the culture of our people to future generations