Fitossociologia de Espécies Arbóreas em Sistemas Agrossilvipastoris no Município de Matinha, Região da Baixada Maranhense

Abstract

A Phytosociological study was conducted in four (93,17 ha) of cultivated pastures with natural arborization in a farm Fazenda Santo Antonio, municipality of Matinha Maranhão State (3°6’55, 5’’S and 45°0’40,9’’W). The areas were selected on an environment basis: three areas (I, II and III) are elevated, whereas area IV is periodically flooded during the rainy season. In each plat all the individuals with PBH (perimeter at breast height) bigger than 8 cm and > 2m inventoread height were included. Data from the four were combinet. A total of 440 individuals from 37 species, 22 genera and 21 families were sampled. Low species diversity was observed (H’ = 2,70 nats/individuals). We found a total density of 16,9 ind.ha ­1 and 24,8 total basal area m2.ha ­1 . The minimum, average and maximum diameters found were a 2,9 cm, 21,9 cm and 73.22cm respectively,”± 15,5cm stdev. Height varied from 2,20 m to 21,50 m, with a meand 7,9m ± 4,2 m. The species with the highest importance value, were Orbignya phalerata (Palmae). Platonia insignis (Guttiferae), Inga uruguensis (Leguminosae), Coccoloba ovata (Polygonaceae), Dimorphandra sp (Leguminosae), Pouteria sp (Lauraceae), Acrocomia aculeata (Arecaceae). The richest families in species were Leguminosae (5 species), Palmae (3), Anacardiaceae (3), Myrtaceae (3). Theses pasture revealed characteristics pattern forest associated to herms, with floristic, structural and physiognomic peculiarities.