Diagnóstico da inovação aberta entre as instituições de pesquisa e as empresas no cenário brasileiro

Abstract

On the subject of innovation, the need of organizations for innovative methods and models is notorious, whose movement, demand and are also demanded by innovations in products and services, aiming at the sustainability of their business. This movement is constantly caused by the globalized, competitive and borderless market. And for this to be met, innovation approaches have stood out in the face of the obligation of organizations to enhance their competitiveness. When we analyze the historical context, on the evolution of the thematic innovation, the relationship between universities and industry in favor of its development is strongly noted. In Brazil from the 20s onwards, in the 20th century, there was an emphasis on scientific and technological development and in this period important and decisive bodies were created for the construction of the national innovation system in Brazil, such as CNPq, CAPES, ITA, among others, establishing the National Innovation System. In view of this, this work will address the typologies of Open Innovation, the main characteristics and behaviors that distinguish it from Closed Innovation, whose principle is to carry out research, development, use and launch within the company or institution itself. In other words, the company must be the holder of knowledge, through its own researchers, of the investment to be used and the decision to use and launch its products. In turn, Open Innovation, conceptually emerged, by Chesbrough 2003, which is based on shared and collaborative management of R&D, reaching public and private organizations, and creating closer relationships between them. In order to support the innovative process, there are IT tools whose focus is on promoting solutions of its nature that help in the collection, storage, processing of data and information. As a tool to assist in this analysis, a case study was carried out aided by computational systems and tools for mapping data in JSON format obtained through the Industrial Research of Technological Innovation (PINTEC), listing a set of bases to compose the Data Warehouse of the This project was then used as a subsidy for analyzing the current scenario of innovation in Brazil, how much and how universities and ICT’s are included in this process as important stakeholders for the advancement of science and innovation. As results obtained, product innovation and process innovation stand out. The year 2012, was the most promising year for the development of new processes and innovative products in various sectors of the industry, in 2017 there was a drop compared to 2014, and almost the same volume of companies in 2008, around 21% for process-type innovations. Differently from the product scenario, which remained at the average, although in 2017 it was still low in the creation of innovative products. Regarding investment in R&D nature innovation, the most prominent years were the years 2011 and 2014, however in 2017, although it fell by about 3% compared to the previous year, the average expenditure was still maintained. With larger investments in people with R&D activities, most of these investments are equity. In 2017 it had the highest percentage, 60.68% according to PINTEC, followed by third-party fund and right after public fund.