Análise clínica, citológica e histopatológica do útero e ovários de gatas submetidas a ovariohisterectomia

Abstract

Diseases that affect the reproductive system of females in different species are common, which can present varying degrees of morbidity, mortality and are influenced by previous pharmacological treatments, reproductive history and environmental conditions. In this context, and taking into account that part of the diseases related to the female reproductive system in felines do not present evident clinical signs, it is essential to carry out complementary exams for the implementation of the surgical technique as a form of treatment and prevention. With that, the objective was to evaluate cytological and histopathological alterations of uterus and ovaries of cats submitted to ovariohysterectomy at the Veterinary University Hospital of the State University of Maranhão. During the consultation or after the surgical procedure, 45 clinical records were collected that contained data on the anamnesis, physical examination, complementary exams and indication of the procedure. Of the 45 records analyzed, 27 were samples from queens referred for elective castration and 18 were samples from queens with indication of pathological castration or cesarean section without preservation. Nine samples referred for elective surgery after macroscopic analysis and description were reclassified as pathological. The results were described according to the clinical, cytological and histological characterization of the elective and pathological samples. As for the age range of the animals, it was observed that the changes were more frequent in animals over five years old. Regarding the use of contraceptives, 17 of those who presented some anatomopathological alteration received at least one dose of synthetic hormone. There was no difference statistically related to the number of deliveries. Thus, we can conclude that the animals that received at least one dose of contraceptive were the most susceptible to the development of some type of alteration in the uterus or ovary. There are few studies that record changes in the reproductive system, mainly related to the use of contraceptives in felines. Thus, further studies are needed to better understand the role of these clinical findings in the reproductive health of these animals.