Variações diastráticas na língua portuguesa: abordagens sobre os perigos do preconceito linguístico

Abstract

The linguistic system must be seen as a good, which allows interaction, complex relationships, exchanges and also confers identity. However, when an imposition of rules becomes required in this system, what should be democratic becomes autocratic, becoming a model of exclusion for those who cannot master grammatical norms and spelling rules. It is from this point that linguistic prejudice comes to life, and it is this subject that this research intends to address, highlighting its dangers to society. This research was motivated by the idea of awareness on the part of the academic environment, for the significance of linguistic diversity and the due respect that it should have, especially for those who are unaware of its origins and contributions, after all, for many times what is seen how strange, different and unknown is undervalued. That said, this exploratory and descriptive literary review research, of scientific productions of the last twelve years, intends to provide a discussion about the diastratic variations present in the Portuguese language, emphasizing the dangers of linguistic prejudice, which is the general objective; the specifics delimited by the researcher include: (1) exploring the negative effects of linguistic discrimination in Brazil; (2) to analyze bibliographically, in which way the linguistic variations can be considered as a factor of social exclusion; and (3) investigate how sociolinguistics can intervene, combating linguistic prejudice. We sought to analyze scientific articles, monographs, theses and online journals, found in the main Scielo, Lilacs and Google Scholar databases. This search took place over a period of three months (March to May 2022), and all selected materials were from duly registered researchers. It is important to highlight that the entire survey was divided into topics, therefore, the present work is organized into six sections, the first being the introduction, which introduces the reader to the topic tobe studied, its justification, the objectives (general/specific), and the methodology used. The other sections in turn (distributed in the development), correspond to the results found, being then divided into 3 chapters and their respective subdivisions (sections2 to 6). It is concluded with this work that the Portuguese language is a cultural trait common to all (whether the Brazilian speaker or not), and that in this language there are numerous variations that are often seen in a prejudiced way by a large number of people, being then It is necessary to show the existence of a huge linguistic prejudice (especially on the part of traditional grammarians) both in relation to the spoken Portuguese language and in relation to those who speak it