Análise ecológica e socioeconômica participativa da área coletiva de sistemas agroflorestais dentro da transição agroecológica do PA Cristina Alves, Itapecuru-Mirim – Maranhão

Abstract

In Agroecology the concept of Agroecological Transition is a gradual and multilinear process of change in the management of Agroecosystems, where it is sought to overcome the agrochemical model of production to another of ecological base. PA Cristina Alves is characterized by developing productive activities based on traditional, conventional, organic and agroecological models. Among the agro-ecological ones, is the cooperative experience with agroforestry systems in an area of collective dominance. The present work had as objective to carry out a participatory analysis of the collective experience with SAFs as an integral part of the process of Agroecological Transition of PA Cristina Alves. This is a work of research-action-participant, which studied the agroecossystem using methods and participatory tools, in the process of agroecological knowledge construction. Participatory production workshops, semi-structured and unstructured interviews, Transverse Walk, Guided Tour, Collective Interview, Planning Meetings, Talking Map, Timeline and geo-referencing of the agroecosystem were carried out. The collective area destined to establish experiences with SAFs in PA Cristina Alves has 13 hectares, covered for the most part by vegetation in advanced stages and intermediates of regeneration. The qualitative analysis of the agroecossystem and its evolutionary trajectory of development was made through longitudinal comparison. The participatory rural diagnosis made it possible to obtain a broad view on the agroecosystem, considering its current configuration regarding natural and productive resources in general and social aspects related to the group that manages the area. The socioeconomic and ecological analysis made it possible to identify the increase in the autonomy, responsiveness, social integration and protagonism of the youth and the women of the settlement. The use of the participatory tools made possible a greater horizontality and richness in the process of agroecological knowledge construction.