Caracterização morfológica, índices morfométricos e avaliação testicular do cavalo baixadeiro

Abstract

In order to have a recognized racial pattern, the Studhorse requires studies that establish its parameters, studies that will allow establishing and recognizing its morphological status when comparing its components with those of other breeds, thus establishing it as a naturalized breed and defining its zootechnical standard. The present study aims to obtain linear corporal and testicular measurements and to evaluate the morphometric indices of the racial group of the horse "Baixadeiro", characterizing morphologically and defining a racial pattern for this group; To gauge and promote the descriptive analysis of the biometric measures of body in this racial grouping; To estimate morphometric indices from these measures to evaluate trends exhibited by biometric data, besides showing the functional classification patterns generated by the indices; To evaluate the characteristics of testicular biometry correlating them with the age and weight of the animals, observing the influence of these variables on the reproductive capacity. For the body data, 418 animals were measured between males and females in seven municipalities of Baixada Maranhense and measured 20 linear measures and collected the parameters: locality, sex, coat, age, weight by estimate, utility of the animal by the breeder and animal registration. The height measures were (withers, ground, knee, billet, croup, sternum to sternum, substernal void and back to ground), length (body, head, neck, shoulder, back, and croup), perimeter (Thoracic, cinnamon and forearm) and finally those of width (croup, chest and head). From these, 13 morphometric indices, relation to the croup (RCG), pectoral index (PI), dáctilo-thoracic index (TDI), estimated weight (P), body index (HF), thoracic index (ICF), load index 1 (ICG1), load index 2 (ICG2), relative body index (ICR), degree of shading (GS), compactness index 1 (ICO1) and compactness index 2 (ICO2) . For testicular biometry 30 stallions were evaluated, divided into three age groups. The right and left testicles were measured for length, width, height and total scrotal width (LET), and with these data the testicular volume was calculated. Statistical tests were performed to correlate some variables with body and testicular measurements. According to the p value found (p <0.05), there is a statistically significant difference between the biometric data in relation to sex in the billet height and breast width measurements, both of which have higher mean values in males. In the correlation of the municipalities with the biometric data it was observed that according to the p value found (p <0.05), there is a statistically significant difference between the biometric data in relation to the cities sampled. It was classified by the indexes as pony and "low front", because it has a height of 128.50 cm; "Far from the earth" and indicated the speed; With an average weight of 246,848 kg and a hipometric animal; A horse for saddle work and small pulls; Supporting load of 91.986 kg, working at a trot or gallop and load of 156.047 kg, working in step and with good degree of shine. The testicular biometric characteristics of length, width, height and testicular volume are generally larger for the left testicle than for the right testicle in this racial group. The LET in all age groups was greater than 80 mm. For all these comparisons, there was a statistically significant positive correlation (p <0.05) and the correlation coefficients found determined strong correlations (r> 0.70) for the relationships between CD, CE, LD, LE, LET, VTD and VTE As a function of weight, and a moderate correlation (0.40 ≤ r ≤ 0.69) between HD and HE as a function of weight. In all correlations, the higher the value of weight, the higher the values of testicular biometry. According to the p value found (p> 0.05), there is no statistically significant difference between the means of testicular biometry characteristics in relation to the age groups.