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Conhecimentos da população sobre dengue no município de Lago do Junco, Estado do Maranhão

Thu, 22 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Conhecimentos da população sobre dengue no município de Lago do Junco, Estado do Maranhão Abstact: Dengue fever is a re-emerging arbovirus caused by the dengue virus [Dengue virus (DENV)] belonging to the Flavivirus genus, which is transmitted to humans through the bites of mosquitoes belonging to the Aedes genus. Dengue transmission occurs mainly in temperate and tropical areas within the vector's range, with local variations, influenced by rainfall, temperature and rapid and unplanned urbanization of cities, as occurs in the state of Maranhão. The present study aimed to verify the population's level of knowledge about dengue in the municipality of Lago do Junco, state of Maranhão. Data collection was carried out through the application of a closed questionnaire, containing 20 multiple-choice questions, in urban and rural areas of the municipality, from February to May 2024. The study involved the participation of 264 participants, with the majority female (62.10%), aged between 35 and 59 years old (37.00%), having completed secondary education (26.10%) and working as a farmer (43.90%). Of the total respondents, 98.90% had already heard about dengue and 87.90% said they had not been diagnosed with the disease. Despite this, 26.10% of those interviewed believed in the occurrence of dengue cases in the municipality during the study period. Regarding the causative agent of arbovirus, 48.90% responded that the disease is caused by a virus and 43.10% responded that the scientific name of the disease-causing agent is Dengue virus. The majority of respondents (93.20%) correctly answered that high fever with sudden onset and intense headache are some of the symptoms of the disease. Regarding transmission, 64.80% correctly answered that it occurs through the bite of female mosquitoes of the species Ae. aegypti. Finally, when asked whether the disease vector must necessarily be infected to be able to transmit it, 59.80% of participants correctly answered yes. The present study allowed us to verify that the majority of interviewees from Lago do Junco, state of Maranhão, have a satisfactory level of knowledge about dengue. However, the importance of providing greater access to educational activities is highlighted, so that the population acquires even more comprehensive knowledge about the disease.

Perfil epidemiológico e padrões espaciais da doença de chagas no Estado do Maranhão entre os anos de 2001 e 2020

Thu, 22 May 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Perfil epidemiológico e padrões espaciais da doença de chagas no Estado do Maranhão entre os anos de 2001 e 2020 Abstact: Chagas disease (CD) is a neglected parasitic disease, caused by the hemoflagellate protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi (CHAGAS, 1909). In the state of Maranhão, the disease does not have a clear pattern of distribution. The present study aimed to discuss the epidemiological aspects and spatial distribution of Chagas disease in the state of Maranhão, between the years 2001 and 2020. Acute cases of CD obtained from the Notifiable Diseases Information System database were analyzed. (SINAN). The following variables were analyzed: year of notification, sex, age group, race/color, area of residence, likely location of infection, mode of infection, autochthonous case, criteria and evolution of the case. To examine whether there was a difference in the medians of confirmed cases by age group, race/color, mode of infection and confirmation criteria, the Kruskal-Wallis (H) analysis was used. To examine whether there was a difference in the medians of confirmed cases by sex, area of residence, place of infection, autochthonous case and case evolution, the Mann-Whitney (U) test was used. The significance level adopted was 5% (p < 0.05). To create maps of the regions of Maranhão, the software QGIS 3.14 was used. The calculation of spatial autocorrelation and covariance based on the product of deviations in relation to the mean was carried out using the Moran’s index (I) Global Moran index. 77 cases of acute CD were confirmed from 2001 to 2020 in the state. The majority of cases were reported in males (45 cases; 58.5%; U = 179.5; p = 0.28), aged between 20 and 39 years (26 cases; 34.6%; H = 28.4; p = 0.0008), in individuals of mixed race/color (41 cases; 53.6%; H = 26.7; p < 0.0001), in individuals living in rural areas (33 cases; 68.8%; H = 11.36; p = 0.0034), with the home as the place of infection (40 cases; 71.5%; U = 165.0; p = 0.11), form of oral infection (43 cases; 68.4%; U = 168.0; p = 0.13) and diagnosis laboratory (69 cases; 93.2%; U = 88.0; p = 0.0001). Autochthonous cases predominated (50 cases, 86.8%; U = 163.5; p = 0.08), while for case evolution the prevalence of survival was verified (55 cases; 90.2%; U = 169, 5; p = 0.11). The spatial autocorrelation was random, with global Moran values between 0.013 and 0.001 (Municipalities), 0.100 and 0.185 (Macroregion), 0.114 and 0.100 (Microregion) and 0.141 and 0.087 (Immediate Region), however, the formation of significant clusters. Identification of the epidemiological profile of CD in the state of Maranhão is extremely important to generate information for health surveillance, as well as to motivate discussion about new intervention alternatives for preventing the disease.

O filme " A ilha para o ensino de genética : Uma proposta para auxiliar o aprendizado no ensino médio em Lago da Pedra- Maranhão

Fri, 14 Mar 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: O filme " A ilha para o ensino de genética : Uma proposta para auxiliar o aprendizado no ensino médio em Lago da Pedra- Maranhão Abstact: This Final Undergraduate Project proposes the use of the film “The Island” (2005) as a pedagogical resource for teaching Genetics, focusing on high school students from a public school in Lago da Pedra, Maranhão, Brazil. The research, exploratory in nature and qualitative in approach, was conducted through documentary analysis and the application of questionnaires before and after the educational intervention. The methodology included the screening of the film and classroom debates aimed at assessing the effectiveness of audiovisual media in promoting knowledge construction and the development of students’ critical thinking. The results revealed significant improvements in the understanding of genetic concepts, as well as ethical reflections on cloning, genetic manipulation, and social segregation. The study showed that cinematic narratives can foster more contextualized, critical, and meaningful learning, bridging science and students’ realities. It is concluded that cinema, when pedagogically mediated with purpose, constitutes a powerful tool for scientific literacy and the formation of citizens who are more aware and sensitive to the ethical and social dimensions of science.

Cultivo de abacaxi (Ananas Comosus (L.) Merr.) por pequenos produtores no povoado Barraquinha na Cidade de Lago dos Rodrigues - MA: Potencial sustentável e perspectivas

Fri, 14 Mar 2025 00:00:00 GMT

Título: Cultivo de abacaxi (Ananas Comosus (L.) Merr.) por pequenos produtores no povoado Barraquinha na Cidade de Lago dos Rodrigues - MA: Potencial sustentável e perspectivas Abstact: This study investigated the cultivation of pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.) by family farmers in the community of Barraquinha, located in the municipality of Lago dos Rodrigues – MA, focusing on the identification of sustainable practices and the challenges faced in production. The research was conducted through interviews with 14 active local producers. Structured questionnaires were used to collect both qualitative and quantitative data. The results indicate that agricultural knowledge is predominantly acquired informally, with low participation in technical training. Among the observed practices, manual weed control stands out, carried out mainly through hoeing as a low-cost alternative for managing weeds between the rows of pineapple plants. Although techniques such as this and crop rotation are adopted, intensive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides was observed. Most producers reported difficulties such as lack of technical assistance, insufficient machinery, and the perception that sustainable practices involve high implementation costs. Nevertheless, all expressed interest in adopting more appropriate management techniques, provided that they are supported by incentives and guidance.