https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/2245 Sun, 03 May 2026 05:03:00 GMT 2026-05-03T05:03:00Z http://repositorio.uema.br:80/jspui/retrieve/428cc9f0-6459-4e99-a72e-b53bf8759bc6/PPGEO.png https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/2245 https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6065 Título: Patrimônio e valor histórico: uma análise das políticas de salvaguarda e dos riscos contemporâneos na conservação do Centro Histórico de São Luís do Maranhão Abstact: The Historic Center of São Luís, state of Maranhão (Brazil) constitutes one of the most significant collections of Portuguese colonial architecture outside of Europe; marked by townhouses, mansions, and churches that form an urban landscape of inestimable cultural value. Designated a national heritage site by IPHAN in 1974 and elevated to the status of a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1997, the historic center has undergone different phases of urban requalification since the beginning of the 20th century, almost always driven by public policies aimed at the conservation of built heritage and cycles of modern society. The objective of this research is to evaluate the effects of depredation and transformations of the colonial architectural core of the Historic Center of São Luís, in contrast to centuries-old urban conservation, modernity, and the proposals of safeguarding and requalification policies for the federally protected area. Actions related to the Preservation and Revitalization Program of the Historic Center of São Luís, the Dossier, and the title of World Heritage Site are especially considered. This research begins with a critical reading of the interventions proposed by the state at the three levels of political-administrative organization of the territory: Federal, State, and Municipal; represented by autonomous agencies, secretariats, superintendencies, and other departments, such as IPHAN (National Institute of Historic and Artistic Heritage) and FUMP (Municipal Foundation for the Protection of Historical, Artistic, and Cultural Heritage); evaluating their contributions and contradictions in relation to urban dynamics and the social use of properties – including the permanence of resident communities and the daily flows of the area. It was found that, although these policies have promoted important physical restoration actions, such as the recovery of facades, squares, and public facilities, many of them disregard functional social aspects of territorial maintenance. This results in empty spaces, displacements, and underutilization of restored properties, translated here as risks to conservation. The title of World Heritage Site, although it has brought international recognition, has not in itself guaranteed the sustainability of preservation actions, which continue to fragment the area and the surroundings of the Historic Center. Analyzing the risks to the historical center, such as real estate pressure, architectural degradation, social invisibility, and a lack of coordination between levels of government, reveals urgent needs for new perspectives on heritage. Thus, it is observed that public policies are being adopted that do not integrate with or value heritage, but rather treat it as an object of aesthetic preservation, leaving spaces devoid of experiences, memories, and cultural identities. Prioritizing sustainable uses, such as student housing, the creative economy, and responsible tourism, fostering the protagonism of the local population and ensuring the vitality of the Historical Center as a constantly evolving cultural territory, and thus guiding these heritage safeguarding policies, are the responses to such risks. Wed, 24 Sep 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6065 2025-09-24T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/3554 Título: Indicadores de qualidade da água superficial como subsídio à gestão de recursos hídricos: o caso da sub-bacia do rio Una, Maranhão Abstact: The recurrent human intervention in water sources alters the natural characteristics of these environments, causing serious problems related to water quality and availability. The state of Maranhão is endowed with one of the largest water networks in the country, with the Una River (Morros, Maranhão, Brazil) as part of this system, which has an important influence on the local economy, due to its use, mainly for tourism activity. in the region. The watershed is considered a planning unit to develop policies aimed at optimizing water resources. Thus, the main objective of the present work was to analyze the physical-chemical, biological parameters and quality indicators of the surface waters of the Una river sub-basin, as an element of diagnosis of environmental quality. The theoretical-methodological approach is based on the theory of integrated landscape analysis, which explains and describes the phenomena existing in the environment. The collections were carried out in two distinct periods, being rainy and dry, where the physical parameters were verified in loco and in the laboratory the chemical and biological indicators. The trophic level was measured by the Trophic State Index (IET), through the model proposed by Lamparelli (2004). The results obtained in the analyzes indicated a good water quality situation in the sub-basin for use in classes 2 according to CONAMA Resolution No. 357/2005, with a trophic state characterized as Ultraoligotrophic for all sampling points. However, after performing correlations between the parameters studied and the behavior of land use and land cover classes for the years 2000 and 2020, weaknesses were identified in the points (P2, P3, P4) with greater anthropic influence. Based on this information, prospective scenarios were developed for the mitigation of public policies aimed at conserving natural environments, especially water resources Thu, 02 Jun 2022 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/3554 2022-06-02T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/2480 Título: Índice de potencialidade de ocorrência de cavidades em arenitos na Bacia Hidrográfica Tocantins/Araguaia no Estado do Maranhão Abstact: Geographic Information Systems - GIS has helped in the advancement of several sciences, in Speleology, a science that studies natural cavities and their different approaches, GIS's help in the spatialization of variables that facilitate the location and prospecting of these caves. Based on an approach to the application of Geographic Information Systems, using quantitative methods of multifactor analysis and map algebra, on a scale of 1:100,000, guided by the concept of landscape and the conception of karst in sandstone, the cutout chosen for this study ' was the Tocantins/Araguaia Basin, located in the southwest region of Maranhão. The general objective of the research is to develop a cave occurrence indicator applicable in the Tocantins/Araguaia Basin in the State of Maranhão, through the use of multicriteria analysis. Its specific objectives are to support the validation of the cavities index model and to survey and register the caves found, in addition to briefly characterizing each one of them by their geology, speleogenesis and existence of biological and archaeological resources, if any. Among the factors that guide the need for this study is the location of the Hydrographic Basin, as there are two speleological provinces both on the Maranhão side and on the Tocantins side. Another important factor is present in Decree No. 6640 of 2008, which deals with the need for environmental licensing of the Brazilian speleological heritage, in addition to the geological and morphological characteristics of the area that contribute to the formation of caves in the region. For this, it was decided to use the AHP method (Analyse Hierarchy Processing), which is one of the most used decision-making methods for individual correlation of variables, and to present the result in addition to the numerical way, map algebra will be used. The results showed that the methodology was efficient to measure the potential occurrence of cavities in sandstone, since the average of the cavities found in the prospecting works are located in areas of High and Very High Potentiality for the Tocantins/Araguaia Hydrographic Basin, in addition to the realization of the topographies and registration of the caves with the Brazilian Society of Speleology Sat, 01 Jan 2022 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/2480 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/2458 Título: Uso do território e questão habitacional na ilha do Maranhão: a situação geográfica do Conjunto Habitacional Cidade Verde I, Paço do Lumiar – MA Abstact: The housing issue, in the urbanization process, is a key issue that demands efforts to break down the various factors and agents linked to its supply and disposition, which have direct implications for the socio-territorial formation of urban spaces. Residencial Cidade Verde I - RCVI, located in the municipality of Paço do Lumiar - MA, is a product of the various agents that contribute to this socio-territorial formation, on Maranhão Island, from the uses of the territory. For the RCVI case, the main agents are the State, based on housing policies, real estate developers, who define the location and impose market logic on the territory, and the social agents, represented by residents of the residential, who fight and conquer your rights and your space. The entire socio-territorial history of Maranhão Island is driven by the dynamics incorporated through housing policies, which materialized in the territory through housing estates. São Luís, as a hub for the urban expansion of Maranhão Island, reached high levels of demographic density and demand for space, especially in the 1980s and 1990s, when this urban expansion joined other municipalities on the island - São José de Ribamar and Paço do Lumiar - manifesting itself in housing estates. Paço do Lumiar, which used to be a rural population until the early 2000s, has as its landmark the urbanization of its territory, the installation of the Maiobão housing complex (1986), having in the 1990s the installation of other housing complexes stemming from Federal Government policies in partnership with the State. Associated with these spaces, spontaneous occupations, a manifestation of socio-territorial inequalities and access to housing, also increased. The territory of Paço do Lumiar became of potential value for real estate speculation. From 2009 with the PMCMV, several housing estates were installed in Paço do Lumiar, including RCVI (2015), forming new mobility and economic flows for the municipality. The housing complexes of the PMCMV are very important in combating the housing deficit, since they cover the social strata of lower purchasing power, and this program is an opportunity to access their own home. However, there are still some problems regarding the location and infrastructure of housing estates, especially tracks 1 and 2. Residents of RCVI, which belongs to track 2 of the Program, face difficulties in accessing goods and services, in mobility and in infrastructure. RCVI houses and roads. There is still a severe disarticulation among the municipalities belonging to the Island, in the resolution of these problems that are metropolitan, since the majority of the population that resides in the PMCMV housing complexes in Paço do Lumiar, lived in São Luís and still maintains their workflows in the capital. Tue, 11 Aug 2020 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/2458 2020-08-11T00:00:00Z