https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/2171 Fri, 10 Jul 2026 07:30:30 GMT 2026-07-10T07:30:30Z http://repositorio.uema.br:80/jspui/retrieve/f3408757-31e8-45d0-b3ff-53dd97716ec5/POS-ECOLOGIA UEMA.png https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/2171 https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6289 Título: Colonização de organismos incrustantes em diferentes tipos de substratos artificiais na Baía de São Marcos, São Luís - MA Abstact: This study had as objective to invertigate the occurrence of fouling organisms in diferente types of substrates the area of São Marcos Bay, under port influence. For the study, three sampling points were defined, which were accessed on four dates between the periods of December/2020 to September/2021, quarterly. The specimens were sampled with recruitment panels composed of four different substrates (acrylic, polyethylene, metal and wood). In situ abiotic variables were also measured, in order to understand the communities tolerances. Appraising the average values of the abiotic parameters, it was observed that there were no significant differences between the stations sampled, except for the metals: boron, copper and zinc with their respective values (p-value = 0.04; 0.004 and 0.015). The values (mg/L) obtained for all metals are above the recommended by CONAMA Resolution no 357/2005. Tukey's test revealed that density was higher in P1 than in P2 and P3, while equity was significantly lower in P1 compared to the other areas. The richness in metal and wood substrate were significantly higher than that found in polyethylene. The non-metric multidimensional analysis (nMDS) showed a grouping in the density of species at point P1, however for the substrates it did not show an ordering of densities, showing few comparisons of efficiency between substrates and a good balance of similarity at P2. The Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) explained 92.12% of the observed data in the add of the two axes, revealing that the zinc concentration negatively influenced four species in P1. Three taxa represent new records for Brazil, namely: Lagis sp., (Polychaeta); Cerapus cf. bumbumiensis (Amphipoda); Natica cf. vitellus (Gastropod) that need to have their studies expanded to determine whether their occurrences indicate bioinvasion events. Studies reveal that chemical components may be influencing the density of encrusting organisms in P3. Therefore, the results of this study indicate that the anthropic processes generated by the port complex influence the distribution of native diversity, as well as attracting exotic species through port activities. Thu, 19 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6289 2023-01-19T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6281 Título: Uso do hábitat e padrão de estruturação das assembléias de aves Charadriiformes (Charadriidae, Scolopacidae e Laridae) na Ilha de São Luís, zona costeira maranhense Abstact: The coastal ecosystem of São Luís Island harbors a diverse array of habitats utilized by Charadriiform birds during parts of their life cycle. These habitats are selected during the overwintering period based on food availability, refuge from predators, and suitability as stopover sites during migration. This study investigated the structure, diversity, and habitat preferences of Charadriiform bird assemblages in the coastal zone of São Luís Island across four distinct areas—Porto do Itaqui, Praia do Cajueiro, Ferry Boat, and Canal da Raposa—using 500-meter transects surveyed on foot and by boat between March 2023 and July 2025. Direct counting and bioacoustic methods were employed for species identification, and comprehensive statistical analysis was conducted using Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMMs). A total of 31 species were recorded, eight of which are classified as threatened at the national level. The Raposa area exhibited the highest species richness (31), followed by Porto do Itaqui (22), Cajueiro (19), and Ferry (18). Regarding maximum abundance across the areas, *C. pusilla* showed the highest count (8,000) at Cajueiro, while *Calidris minutilla* showed the lowest count (2) at Raposa. Of the 36 models generated, the GLMM accounting for the interaction between area and habitat—including time as a factor and a zero-inflated component—was identified as the most competitive model for explaining bird diversity. Porto do Itaqui stood out in pairwise comparisons of diversity indices among the areas, demonstrating greater evenness between diversity and abundance. Regarding habitat preference, *C. pusilla* was primarily associated with "Lavado" (LAV) and mangrove (MAN) habitats, while *C. semipalmatus* and *A. interpres* preferred dune habitats with temporary lagoons (DLT). *C. cirrocephalus* in Sea and River (MR) and Sandy Intertidal Zone (ZIA) habitats; *P. simplex* in Beach (PRA) habitat; *L. atricilla*, *G. nilotica*, *S. superciliaris*, and *S. antillarum* in Sea and River (MR) habitats; *C. canutus*, *T. acuflavidus*, *S. hirundo*, and *R. niger* in Beach (PRA) and Sandy Intertidal Zone (ZIA) habitats. The results underscore the importance of coastal environments in Maranhão in the face of anthropogenic threats to habitat quality at migratory bird wintering and stopover sites, contributing relevant information to conservation policies for the study areas—such as the National Coastal Management Plan (PNGC) and the Coastal Management Law (Law No. 7.661/1988)—given that these habitats are crucial for population continuity during migration, particularly for species experiencing population declines, such as *C. pusilla*, *S. antillarum*, and *C. wilsonia*; the study also supports monitoring efforts for the National Action Plan (PAN) for the Conservation of Migratory Birds. Mon, 02 Feb 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6281 2026-02-02T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6263 Título: Dinâmica ovocitária associada as estratégias reprodutivas da Mugil curema (Mugilidae, Teleostei) na costa maranhense como medidas de gestão pesqueira Abstact: The present study aimed to evaluate the oocyte dynamics and fecundity of the fish species Mugil curema as a tool to support conservation measures and sustainable use along the coast of Maranhão, Brazil. The study area comprised the coastal zone of Carimã and Curupu Islands, municipality of Raposa. Specimens were obtained through commercial fishing over a one-year period (May 2023 to April 2024). A total of 169 individuals were analyzed and transported to the Laboratory of Fishery Biology (BioPesq) at the State University of Maranhão for processing of biological material. In the laboratory, total length (TL), fork length (FL), standard length (SL), total body weight (TW), eviscerated weight (EW) (±0.01 g), and gonad weight (GW, ±0.01 g) were recorded. Subsequently, macroscopic identification of gonadal maturation stage and sex determination were carried out, followed by microscopic classification through histological analyses. The sex ratio was 1F:0.6M. The length at first maturity (L50) was estimated at 16.83 cm for females and 18.51 cm for males. Five gonadal maturation stages were identified: A – immature; B – developing; C – mature; D – spent; and E – resting. The classification of oogenesis stages in M. curema ovaries included oogonia, CA – cortical alveoli, Vtg1, Vtg2, and Vtg3 – primary, secondary, and tertiary vitellogenesis, respectively; hydration; POF – post-ovulatory follicle; and atresia. Absolute fecundity was estimated at 48,825 oocytes, with relative fecundity reaching approximately 102 (±4,882,500). In July, a peak of nearly 20% frequency was observed for oocytes with modal diameters ranging from 144 to 176 μm. The study of oocyte dynamics in M. curema revealed reproductive patterns influenced by environmental factors, which are essential for management and conservation strategies along the Maranhão coast.The study of oocyte dynamics in M. curema revealed reproductive patterns influenced by the environment, which are crucial for management and conservation strategies along the coast of Maranhão. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6263 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6253 Título: Determinação da atividade biológica de algas marinhas da costa maranhense com aplicação ao manejo de fungos micotoxigênicos provenientes de ostras cultivadas no estado Abstact: The search for natural bioactive molecules in macroalgae has gained global prominence, driven by the need to improve production processes in various sectors through non-synthetic alternatives, as well as the growing demand for sustainable solutions to various problems. The presence of fungal pathogens with potential risks to human health represents a growing challenge in the production of aquatic organisms. One example is oyster farming, a promising sector in Brazil, which already has records of microbiological contamination. Therefore, this research aims to bioprospect marine macroalgae present on the coast of Maranhão and determine the biological activity of selected species on the management of fungi isolated from cultivated oysters. To this end, tests were carried out using hydroalcoholic extracts from macroalgae collected in three regions of the Maranhão coast, against species of the fungal genera Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Penicillium, followed by phytochemical screening for the identification of the active compounds of the macroalgae. In parallel, a systematic literature review was conducted on the antifungal potential of marine macroalgae, highlighting the absence of this type of study in Brazil. Furthermore, educational material on the subject was developed. The resultsindicate promising activity, as morphological and physiological aspects were significantly reduced by the extracts, promoting varied responses among macroalgae and fungal species. Furthermore, chemical groups previously associated with antimicrobial potential were identified in the extracts. Thus, this work not only contributes to the prospecting of biomolecules applicable to microbiological control but also addresses a relevant gap in the Brazilian context, where products derived from marine macroalgae represent promising alternatives to enhance the productivity and safety of cultivated organisms. Mon, 09 Mar 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6253 2026-03-09T00:00:00Z