https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6300 2026-08-22T17:18:37Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6390 Título: Diagnóstico do perfil tecnológico do abacaxi ‘Turiaçu’ e perspectivas da certificação territorial sob indicação geográfica Abstact: The ‘Turiaçu’ pineapple variety plays a prominent role in the Maranhão consumer market, occurs in the municipality of Turiaçu, and is recognized for its excellent physical-biometric and sensory quality. This quality results from the interaction between genetic factors, local soil and climate conditions and traditional cultural practices. This study aimed to evaluate and characterize the production process and technological profile of pineapple producers in the municipality, in addition to gathering information to support certification by Geographical Indication (GI) in the Denomination of Origin (DO) category, with an emphasis on the preparation of the technical specifications booklet. The municipality and producing communities were characterized, as well as a historical, cultural and socioeconomic survey of local pineapple production, the profile of producers and the technological level used in cultivation were characterized in a sample of 30% of producers, and the incidence of corky lesions on fruits in producing areas was assessed. Twenty-two rural communities were identified, totaling 231 producers active in the production of ‘Turiaçu’ pineapple. The communities of Serra dos Paz, Paxiba, Janaúba and Vila dos Castro concentrate the largest number of producers (55.0%). The profile of producers showed a predominance of family farmers, with low levels of education and an average age between 41 and 50 years. Most of the properties have less than 50 hectares, with pineapple crops in small areas. Production is mostly traditional, with little adoption of technologies and practices such as the slash-andburn system. The assessment of the incidence of cortical lesions revealed that 66.8% of the fruits presented cortical lesions, with an average of 3.8 lesions per fruit. Properties without technical assistance and rural extension (ATER) presented a higher incidence and severity of these lesions. Thus, the importance of technical assistance to improve fruit quality and reduce losses is highlighted. The Technical Specifications Notebook aims to guide producers on the parameters of production, harvesting, marketing, product representativeness and use of the brand. The GI certification by Denomination of Origin will add value to the ‘Turiaçu’ pineapple, strengthening its territorial identity and promoting the sustainable development of the region. 2025-03-06T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6381 Título: Aspectos morfofisiológicos e anatômicos de plântulas de Handroanthus impetiginosus: reguladores de crescimento, trocas gasosas e enriquecimento de CO2 no cultivo in vitro Abstact: Handroanthus impetiginosus, popularly known as ipê roxo (purple trumpet tree), is a woody species with significant pharmacological, timber, and ornamental potential; however, it faces propagation limitations. In vitro cultivation techniques—such as germination, multiplication, rooting, and CO2 enrichment—offer excellent alternatives for propagating this species. Thus, this study aimed to establish, multiply, and root the species in vitro, as well as to analyze the impact of sucrose and CO2 enrichment on the development and anatomy of ipê roxo. Chapter I presents the theoretical background, addressing key topics regarding the species' in vitro cultivation. Chapter II details the in vitro seed germination, multiplication (using stem segments), and rooting (using shoots) of ipê roxo. Seeds were surface-sterilized and inoculated onto ½ MS culture medium without growth regulators. WPM medium supplemented with the cytokinins m-TP and BAP (0, 2.5, and 5 μM) was used for stem segment multiplication, while WPM medium with the auxins NAA and IBA (0, 3, and 6 μM) was used for rooting. After 45 days of cultivation, 5 μM m-TP emerged as the superior cytokinin for ipê roxo multiplication, and IBA at moderate concentrations proved effective as a root inducer in micropropagation protocols. In Chapter III, stem segments derived from the multiplication phase—inoculated onto WPM medium supplemented with sucrose (0, 10, and 20 g L⁻¹) and 5 μM m-TP—were placed in two climate chambers: one with ambient CO2 concentration (420 ± 30 μmol mol⁻¹) and the other with elevated CO2 concentration (800 ± 30 μmol mol⁻¹). After 35 days of culture, it was observed that 10 g L⁻¹ sucrose + 800 μmol mol⁻¹ CO₂ maximized growth and photosynthetic efficiency during the in vitro culture of ipê roxo (purple trumpet tree), particularly during the transition phases to autotrophy, while 20 g L⁻¹ sucrose + 800 μmol mol⁻¹ CO₂ influenced the species' anatomy. This study presented interesting results that enable the establishment of a protocol for the multiplication and rooting of ipê roxo, which can serve as a basis for large-scale plant propagation. The findings also indicate the possibility that H. impetiginosus exhibits a degree of physiological and anatomical plasticity in response to high CO₂ concentrations—such as those predicted in climate change scenarios—suggesting the species possesses adaptive potential. 2025-09-30T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6380 Título: Distribuição da Assembleia de Odonata (INSECTA) em riachos com diferentes níveis de conservação em uma região de Ecótono Amazônia - Cerrado Abstact: Transitions between large biomes, known as ecotones, have unique environmental conditions that support high biodiversity, but they also suffer intensely from agricultural expansion and environmental degradation. This dissertation investigated the influence of different levels of environmental conservation on the Odonata community (dragonflies and damselflies) in streams located in the ecotone between the Amazon and Cerrado biomes, in the southwest and north of the states of Maranhão and Tocantins, respectively. The approach was carried out through standardized sampling in 30 stream reaches distributed among environments classified as conserved, altered, and impacted, evaluating environmental variables and their relationship with the composition, richness, and abundance of Odonata species. Multivariate analyses were applied, including Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) and Threshold Indicator Taxa Analysis (TITAN), in addition to Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The results indicate that environmental integrity significantly influences the structure of the assemblages, with greater richness and abundance of Zygoptera in conserved environments, while Anisoptera showed greater tolerance to altered environments. The indicator species analysis identified sensitive taxa associated with preserved plant cover and a stable microclimate, while TITAN revealed ecological thresholds related to the variables temperature, electrical conductivity, and habitat integrity index. The diversity of Odonata proved to be an efficient bioindicator tool for the environmental quality of the evaluated streams, reinforcing the importance of preserving riparian vegetation and controlling agricultural expansion in the region. In the end, the study shows that ecotones, despite their complexity and richness, remain underexplored in ecological research and demand greater attention in conservation strategies. 2025-06-30T00:00:00Z https://repositorio.uema.br/jspui/handle/123456789/6379 Título: Quantificação espaço-temporal da fragmentação florestal na Amazônia e seu impacto nos estoques de carbono Abstact: Between 1990 and 2021, the International Amazon lost 672,295 km² of forest cover. This study analyzed the impacts of forest fragmentation during this period, based on seven morphological landscape classes: Core, Edge, Bridge, Loop, Branch, Islet, and Perforation. The MSPA model and Sentinel-2 imagery were used to classify and quantify structural connectivity, estimating carbon stocks from aerial biomass data. CO₂ emission estimates were obtained based on recognized conversion factors. Statistical analysis showed significant differences between classes, with emphasis on the reduction of Core areas, the main carbon reservoirs. French Guiana maintained 74.22% of the forest in Core state; Bolivia, 27.06%; and Brazil, 43.29% of the remaining forest fragmented. The most isolated areas had lower biomass density, indicating high vulnerability to degradation. In total, estimated emissions resulting from fragmentation amounted to 9.48 Pg of CO₂, equivalent to 31.61% of total emissions from deforestation during the period. The data show that forest fragmentation contributes significantly to the increase in emissions and reinforces the importance of maintaining large continuous blocks of vegetation for the integrity of ecosystems. 2025-05-27T00:00:00Z